托福閱讀中那些常見的誤讀詞匯

托福閱讀的詞匯量需求很大，不少同學(xué)便把備考精力全部放在各種生僻詞專業(yè)詞匯的積累上，但是其實(shí)很多時(shí)候在托福閱讀過程中的理解失誤卻是由一些常見詞匯造成了，各位考生在積累詞匯時(shí)一定要記住這點(diǎn)全面*升。

1. address

熟義：n.地址

僻義：v.向...致辭, 演說

Depending on whom he is addressing, the problems will be different.

根據(jù)與他談話的不同對(duì)象，問題也有所不同。

2. diet

熟義：n.飲食習(xí)慣

僻義：n.減肥,瘦身;議會(huì)

American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, and
has

learnt to be more quick-witted.

美國的工業(yè)已經(jīng)改變了結(jié)構(gòu)，進(jìn)行了瘦身，學(xué)會(huì)了明智。

3. cause

熟義：n./v.原因，導(dǎo)致

僻義：n.事業(yè)，理想，目標(biāo)

One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the
theory

that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.

一個(gè)這樣的事業(yè)現(xiàn)在正在尋求終止生物醫(yī)學(xué)的研究，因?yàn)橛羞@樣一種理論說，動(dòng)物享有權(quán)利禁止它們被用于實(shí)驗(yàn)。

4. novel

熟義：n.小說

僻義：adj.新穎的

When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to determine its

purposes.

當(dāng)一種新的文學(xué)理念出現(xiàn)時(shí)，人們應(yīng)該試著去了解它的意圖。

5. realize

熟義：v.意識(shí)到

僻義：v.實(shí)現(xiàn)，發(fā)揮

Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the
old and infirm "have a duty to die and get out of the way", so that

younger,healthier people can realize their potential.

據(jù)說，Colorado州前州長Richard Lamm曾經(jīng)說，老年多病者“有責(zé)任死去和讓位”，以讓更年輕、更健康的人們?nèi)グl(fā)揮他們的潛能。

6. stop

熟義：n./v.停止

僻義：n.句號(hào)

We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or
qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.

我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號(hào)，修飾性形容詞及限定動(dòng)詞的羈絆。

7. sound

熟義：n. 聲音, 語音, 噪音 v. 聽起來

僻義：adj.健全的, 合理的, 有效徹底的, 健康的(soundand safe: 安然無恙)

If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those
new plants be environmentally sound.

如果我們準(zhǔn)備保護(hù)大氣，關(guān)鍵要讓這些新發(fā)電廠對(duì)環(huán)境無害。

8. firm

熟義：adj. 結(jié)實(shí)的，穩(wěn)固的

僻義：n. 公司，商號(hào)

Until California recently passed a law, American firms did not have to
tell

anyone,even the victim, when data went astray.

直到加利福尼亞*近通過了一項(xiàng)法律，美國的公司不必告知任何人信息何時(shí)泄露，甚至包括受害人。

9. might

熟義：may的過去式

僻義：n. 力量，威權(quán) (with might and main: 盡全力)

The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the
emerging countries with unsurpassed might.

這個(gè)浪潮從異常活躍的美國席卷到歐洲，并以不可比擬的威力影響到正在崛起的*。

10. weather

熟義：n.天氣

僻義：v.經(jīng)受風(fēng)雨，度過難關(guān)

This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by

unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather
bad

times.

這種"附加工人效應(yīng)"可以支持失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)或殘疾保險(xiǎn)所*供的制度，以幫助家庭渡過困難時(shí)期。

11. panel

熟義：n.儀表板，面板

僻義：n.老師小組

The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by
the

White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming
and

that the problem is largely man-made.

*近的行動(dòng)是由白宮召集了一批來自*科學(xué)院的老師團(tuán)，他們告訴我們，地球氣候毫無疑問正在變暖，而這個(gè)問題主要是人為造成的。

12. keep

熟義：v.保持

僻義：n.生計(jì)

Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be
difficult to tell good information from bad. That's where Straitford earns its
keep.

當(dāng)然公開來源的諜報(bào)活動(dòng)的確有它的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)楹茈y區(qū)分正確與錯(cuò)誤的信息。這正是Straitford公司賺得生計(jì)的地方。

13. promise

熟義：v./n.承諾

僻義：n.有希望，有前途(promising: (形)有希望的，有前途的)

Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people
who"joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their

eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual

promise."

Hofstadter說，掌握我們*教育體系的人“沾沾自喜地、霸氣十足地公然宣稱敵視才學(xué)，迫不及待地認(rèn)同那些看來在才學(xué)方面*無前途的孩子?！?/p>

14. buy

熟義：v.*

僻義：v.聽信，認(rèn)同

Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10
million smokers went to early graves.

許多美國人相信了這些胡言亂語，在三十多年中，差不多有一千萬煙民早早的進(jìn)了墳?zāi)埂?/p>

15. catch

熟義：v.抓住

僻義：n.捕獲，捕獲量

That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so
the

real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one
recorded by changes in catch sizes.

這意味著可以捕獲更多的海洋生物，所以現(xiàn)在和過去的真正差距可能會(huì)比之前在捕獲區(qū)記錄的數(shù)據(jù)所體現(xiàn)出的更糟糕。

16. game

熟義：n.游戲,比賽

僻義：n.獵物

The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to
extinction.

但大部分的，成長緩慢的動(dòng)物則成了狩獵的目標(biāo)，并且很快被狩獵到滅絕。

17. slip

熟義：v.滑倒

僻義：n.紙片

Nowa pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a
family

from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.

如今，一份解雇通知書、一個(gè)不利的診斷結(jié)果或者配偶的去世都可能在幾個(gè)月之內(nèi)將一個(gè)家庭從穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階層家庭降格成為一個(gè)新貧困家庭。

18. tap

熟義：v.輕拍，n. 水龍頭，栓頭

僻義：v.開發(fā)

In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has
revolved

around efforts to tap the consumer market.

大約在網(wǎng)上交易的*年當(dāng)中，大部分業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)都是圍繞著努力開發(fā)消費(fèi)者市場來進(jìn)行的。

19. ground

熟義：n.地面

僻義：n.根據(jù)，依據(jù)(on the ground that…)

Rail roads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the

grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost.

鐵路公司對(duì)“被控”客戶進(jìn)行區(qū)別對(duì)待的依據(jù)是，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這樣做會(huì)降低所有人的成本。

20. lean

熟義：v.倚靠, 傾斜

僻義：adj.瘦的, 貧乏的, 歉收的

They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean,
pointed,dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and
bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre.

消瘦、率直、專注的臉龐，穿著牛仔褲和便鞋，吃著小圓面包，在劇場外的石板上過夜。

21. anchor

熟義：n.錨

僻義：n.主持人，主播

Fast-foodeaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling.

快餐食客、新聞主播、發(fā)短信的人，都在笑啊笑啊。

22. chair

熟義：n.椅子

僻義：v./n.主持，主席

Former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in
his

80s.

前衛(wèi)生局醫(yī)務(wù)主任C.Everett Koop 80來歲還出任了一個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的總裁。

23. nature

熟義：n.自然

僻義：n.天性，本質(zhì)，本性(human nature 人性)

Thejury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason
for the athlete's injury.

陪審團(tuán)也認(rèn)為造成該運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷的是這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)本身的危險(xiǎn)性，而不是頭盔。

24. spell

熟義：v.拼寫

僻義：n.一段時(shí)間

Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared
that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of
the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that
forecast by decades if not centuries.

雖然一開始在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時(shí)期——那時(shí)候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使他們在2010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動(dòng)——但是*近研究人員已經(jīng)開始將這個(gè)預(yù)測延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。

25. stress

熟義：n.壓力

僻義：v.強(qiáng)調(diào)

While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese
education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over
creativity

and self-expression.

雖然日本的教育因強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)而經(jīng)常受到外國人的贊揚(yáng)，但是它往往強(qiáng)調(diào)考試和機(jī)械學(xué)習(xí)，而不重視創(chuàng)造性和自我表現(xiàn)。

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