教培參考
教育培訓(xùn)行業(yè)知識型媒體
發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2024年12月27日 00:27
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1)He speaks French as well as
He speaks French inaddition to/besides
2) Apart from the salary,it’s not a bad
In addition to/Exceptthe salary, it’s not a bad
announce: 公布;宣告
He announced 他宣布了他的決定。
absorb
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs 海綿吸水。
【習(xí)慣用語】
2)專心于
★ be absorbed in sth: 專心的,全神貫注的
The little girl wasabsorbed in reading a 這個(gè)小姑娘正在全神貫注的閱讀一篇故事。
challenge 挑戰(zhàn); 挑戰(zhàn)書; 邀請比賽; 要求決斗
向挑戰(zhàn), 要求, 懷疑 ; 挑戰(zhàn), 對(證據(jù)等)表示異議
meet the serious challenge 面對嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)
高頻短語必會
1.a(chǎn)dd up合計(jì);加起來
I'm going to add up all the money I
我要合計(jì)一下我所有的錢。
[快速閃記]
(1)add的意思是“把……加上去”,不是“增加”,如“增加工資”,應(yīng)用increase或raise。
(2)add to增加;add up to合計(jì)達(dá);把……加到……
Please add up the numbers and I'm sure they will add up to more than 1,
請把這些數(shù)字加起來,我確信它們加起來多于1 000。
2.calm() down (使)平靜下來;(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來
The crying child soon calmed
哭鬧的小孩兒不一會兒就安靜下來了。
3.go through 經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受;穿過;仔細(xì)檢查;完成;用完
I went through the same thing last
我去年也經(jīng)歷了同樣的事情。
I can't go through the book in one
這本書我一天看不完。
[快速閃記]
go up上升;攀登;增長;被建造起來
go with陪……一起去;伴隨;與……相配
go without 沒有,缺乏,將就;不言而喻,理所當(dāng)然
go wrong出毛病;失敗
4.set down 記下;放下;登記
I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people 我不想像大多數(shù)人那樣做的在日記里記下一系列的事實(shí)。
[快速閃記]
set down記下;放下;登記;讓某人下車
set aside把……放在一邊;省出,留出(錢或時(shí)間)
set up建立;創(chuàng)立;開辦
set off動身;使爆炸
set about (doing) sth 開始/著手(做)某事
set out出發(fā),動身;開始(后跟不定式)
5.a(chǎn) series of一連串的;一系列;一套
Then they began a series of
這時(shí)他們開始了一系列的試驗(yàn)。
6.on purpose 故意
I came here on purpose to see
我特地來這里看你。
7.in order to 為了……
In order to catch the train,she got up
為了趕上火車,她起床很早。
He decided to work harder so as to/in order to catch up with the
他決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí),以便趕上其他人。
[快速閃記]
in order to為了……,表目的,后接動詞原形,可位于句首或句中,相當(dāng)于so as to,但后者不能位于句首。其否定形式為:in order not to/so as not to。
8.no longer 不再……
He was long a famous musician,but he plays no longer/doesn't play any
他成為有名的音樂家已很久了,但他現(xiàn)在不演奏了。
9.suffer from遭受;患病
Do you often suffer from a headache?
你經(jīng)常頭痛嗎?
[快速閃記]
(1)suffer后常接hunger,pain,loss,defeat,poverty,punishment,hardship,damage等名詞作賓語。
(2)suffer from后常接表示疾病的名稱或造成不幸、痛苦的事物的名稱作賓語。
10.get/be tired of對……厭煩
get/be tired from/with因……而疲倦、勞累
11.fall in love 相愛;愛上
The first time Tom saw Mary,he fell in love with 第一次見到Mary就愛上了她。
[快速閃記]
(1)fall in love (with sb)愛上(某人),表示動作,不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
(2)be in love (with sb) (與某人) 相愛,屬狀態(tài)性動詞短語,可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
12.join in參加;加入
They danced and danced until a lot of us joined
他們不停地跳著舞,直到我們中間許多人都參加了進(jìn)去。
(1)join in指參加正在進(jìn)行的活動,其賓語一般是競賽、娛樂、談話、討論、聚會、游戲等名詞,可用于join in (doing) sth/join sb? in (doing) sth。
(2)join常指加入某組織或團(tuán)體,并成為其中的一員,其賓語往往是the army/team/club或sb 等。
put forward: 提出(計(jì)劃、建議等);將…提前;把鐘表撥快
He put forward a goodplan for this 他為這項(xiàng)工程提出了一個(gè)好的方案。
The match has been putforward to 比賽已經(jīng)提前到一點(diǎn)半舉行。
Put the clock forward byten 把鐘表撥快十分鐘。
【詞語聯(lián)想】
put away: 收起來;貯存,儲蓄
put down: 放下;寫下,記下
put off: 推遲;延期
put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戲?。?/p>
put on weight: 增加了體重
put on a new play: 上演新戲劇
put up: 張貼;撐開(帳篷)
put up a poster: 張貼海報(bào)
put up a tent: 搭起帳篷
conclude: 作結(jié)論,斷定
The jury concludedthat he was 陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)定他有罪。
conclusion: 結(jié)論
【習(xí)慣用語】
★ draw a conclusion 作出結(jié)論
defeat 打敗, 擊敗, 戰(zhàn)勝;使(希望, 計(jì)劃等)失敗, 挫敗; 阻撓, 使無效
He finally conceded 他最終承認(rèn)了失敗。
◆區(qū)別: defeat, conquer, overcome
defeat 指“贏得勝利”, 尤其指“軍事上的勝利”,
defeat the enemy 打敗敵人。
conquer指“征服”、”戰(zhàn)勝”,特別指“獲得對人、物或感情的控制”
conquer nature 征服自然。
overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝”、“壓倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言,
overcome difficulties 克服困難。
attend:
1) to be present at; go to(meeting, conference, ) 出席;參加
He decided to attendthe meeting 他決定親自赴會。
2) to look after, care for,serve 照顧;看護(hù)。
Which doctor isattending to (on) you? 哪位醫(yī)生護(hù)理你?
3)to go with 伴隨
The work was attendedwith much 這項(xiàng)工作帶來許多困難。
Don't expose your skinto the sun for too
不要使你的皮膚暴露在太陽光下太長時(shí)間。
They had to be exposed tothe enemy's
他們不得不冒著敵人的炮火。
blame for 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人
He blamed the boy forhis
★ be to blame: 應(yīng)受責(zé)備,應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任
Who is to blame for themistake?這個(gè)錯誤應(yīng)歸咎于誰?
in addition: 除此之外,另外, 意思相當(dāng)于 besides, what's more
I paid 100 Yuan 我又付了 100 元。
In addition to English, hehas to study a second
除了英語以外,他還要學(xué)習(xí)第二外國語。
◆區(qū)別: in addition to, except, besides,beside
in addition to:除…之外,還有…,表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
The company providedthe workers with free lunch in addition to paid 這家公司為員工們提供帶薪假期,還有免費(fèi)午餐。
except: 除…之外,表示在整體中排除,
Everyone except me gotan 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬.
besides表示“除了……以外,還有……”,與in addition to 同義,
Besides Mr Wang, wealso went to see the 王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides 我們都同意, 他也同意。
beside : 在…旁邊。表示方位。
Lily sits beside me 莉莉在班上做我旁邊。
Ⅰ. ??紗卧~必背
雄心;野心ambitious 有雄心的;有野心的
His only fault is that he lacks 他唯一的不足是志向短小。
有益的;受益的benefit 有益于 受益;得到好處 好處;益處
Your medicine has benefited me 你的藥對我大有益處。
[快速閃記]benefit from 從……中受益be of benefit to 對……有益(=be beneficial to)for the benefit of 為……(的利益)
笨拙的
①(使)適應(yīng)②改編;改寫
I suggested he should adapt himself to his new 我認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。
[快速閃記](1)adapt(oneself) to(doing) sth (使某人)適應(yīng)(做)某事 根據(jù)……改編……be adapted for 為……而改編(2)adaptation [C] & [U] 適應(yīng);改編;改寫本;改編的作品
①[C] & [U]缺席;不在②[U]缺乏
A stranger brought you this letter during your 你不在時(shí),一個(gè)陌生人給你捎來了這封信。
[快速閃記](1)absence of mind 心不在焉in sb's absence 某人不在時(shí)in the absence of sth 缺乏某物(2)absent ①缺席的;不在的 ②缺乏的be absent from 缺席……absent-minded 心不在焉的
辭職;放棄 辭去;放棄;把……交付(給)
All the employees resign because the employer is too 因?yàn)槔习逄恢v理,雇員全體辭職。She resigned her baby to the care of her 她把嬰兒托付給鄰居照管。resign from a job 辭職
①足夠的②恰當(dāng)?shù)?勝任的
[快速閃記]be adequate for 足夠……be adequate to 勝任做……;足以做……
①接近/進(jìn)入的方法;到達(dá)/進(jìn)入的權(quán)利②通道;入口
only a few people have access to the full facts of the 只有幾個(gè)人可以知道事件的全部真相。
[快速閃記]have/gain/get/obtain access to 可接近;可進(jìn)入;可使用accessible/?k'ses?bl/ 容易取得的;容易接近的;容易受影響的be accessible to 能接近……,可使用……
[C] & [U]贊成;同意;批準(zhǔn)
Do the plans meet with your approval?這些計(jì)劃你贊成嗎?
[快速閃記](1)approve 贊成;同意approve of sb's doing sth 同意某人做某事(2)without approval 未經(jīng)許可give one's approval to 同意;批準(zhǔn)
[C] & [U]利潤;收益;利益;益處有益(于);有利(于)
A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities 一家在國內(nèi)市場利潤下降的公司可能會去國外謀求機(jī)會。It will profit us nothing to do 做那事對我們沒有任何好處。
Ⅱ. 高頻短語必會
other words 換句話說
[快速閃記]have a word with sb 與某人談話keep/break one's word 遵守諾言/食言;失信beyond words 無法用語言表達(dá)
out 切下,裁剪
[快速閃記]cut across 抄近路cut away 切,剪,去掉cut down 減少,砍倒cut in 插嘴,插隊(duì)cut off 切斷,阻礙cut up 切碎,使悲痛,使傷心
of breath 上氣不接下氣
Reaching the top of the tower,he was out of 到了塔頂他就上氣不接下氣了。
catch/hold one's breath 屏息;憋住氣lose one's breath 喘不過氣
in all 總而言之 around 閑坐著 many ways 在很多方面 well as 也;和 fun of 取笑 mind 不必?fù)?dān)心 with 遇到;經(jīng)歷;會晤
Ⅲ. 寫作句式必學(xué)
time I returned after an absence,I felt stupid because I was behind the 每次請過假之后,我覺得自己笨,因?yàn)楸葎e人落后了一些。
,too,I was too weak to go to school so my education 有時(shí),我的身體也很虛弱,以至于不能去上學(xué),因此我的學(xué)習(xí)受到了影響。
accept them for who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you 接受他們,給予他們鼓勵,讓他們能像你一樣過得豐富多彩,充實(shí)美滿。
go boating 去劃船
go fishing 去釣魚
go for a walk 去散步
go home 回家
go on a diet 節(jié)食
go out 出去
go shopping 去購物
go sightseeing 去觀光
go skating 去溜冰
go skiing 去滑雪
go straight on 直走
go swimming 去游泳
go to bed 去睡覺
go to school 去上學(xué)
go to the cinema 去看電影
go to work 去上班
have a bath 洗澡
have a Chinese lesson 上語文課
have a cold 感冒
have a fever 發(fā)燒
have a good time 玩得開心
have a headache 頭痛
have a look 看一看
have a picnic 舉行野餐活動工
have a rest 休息
have a stomachache 胃痛
have a tooth-ache 牙痛
have a trip 去旅游
have a try 試一試
have been to 到過
1、形容詞的定義:形容詞簡稱 形容詞簡稱修飾 ,其他或全句的詞,,或全句的詞修飾,,其他或全句的詞,表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),程度,方式等。表示時(shí)間,地
2、復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成
(1)形容詞+ 名詞+ ed kind-hearted 好心的,white-haired 白發(fā)的
(2)形容詞+ 形容詞red-hot 熾熱的,dark-blue 深藍(lán)的
(3)形容詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking 好看的,easy-going 隨和的
(4)副詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working 勤勞的,fast-moving 快速轉(zhuǎn)動的
(5)副詞+ 過去分詞hard-won 得來不易的,newly-made 新建的
(6)名詞+ 形容詞life-long 終生的,world-famous 世界聞名的
(7)名詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving 愛好和平的,fun-loving 愛開玩笑的
(8)名詞+ 過去分詞snow-covered 白雪覆蓋的,hand-made 手工的
(9)數(shù)詞+ 名詞+ ed four-storeyed 4 層樓的,three-legged 3 條腿的
(10)數(shù)詞+ 名詞(名詞用單數(shù))ten-year 10 年的,two-man 兩人的
一、過去分詞
過去分詞兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征,可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。
作定語
作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞,一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語,一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如:
There are many fallen leaves on the
This is a book written by a
作表語
過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
I was pleased at the
The door remained
過去分詞作表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞,常見的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
過去分詞作表語時(shí),應(yīng)注意與被動結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動作。
The small village is surrounded by (狀態(tài))
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy (動作)
I'm interested in (狀態(tài))
過去分詞做狀語
①表時(shí)間,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the
②表原因,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the
③表?xiàng)l件,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句,有時(shí)過去分詞前可用 if 等詞
Heated, water changes into
Given another chance, he will do
④表讓步,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his
⑤表伴隨,說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the
The trainer appeared, followed by five little
所謂垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)(The Dangling Construction)就是一個(gè)句子成分,如分詞短語,不定式動詞短語等,找不到被修飾的主語或被修飾的對象不合邏輯。垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)是種錯誤的句法,應(yīng)該避免。
下面是三種常見的垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)及其改正方法:
⒈垂懸分詞或分詞短語,如:
①Climbing up the hill, several boars were
這句子里的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(present participial phrase)修飾主語“several boars”是錯的;改正方法有二:
(a)確定是邏輯主語,使句子變成“Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw several ”
(b)把現(xiàn)在分詞短語擴(kuò)大為副詞分句(也稱狀語從句):“When the explorers climbed up the hill, they saw several boars/ several boars were ”
⒉垂懸副詞短語,如:
After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to
這句的副詞短語(adverb phrase)和主語“the fish”有什么邏輯關(guān)系呢?真正的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是“the fisherman”或“the angler”才對。改正方法:
(a) After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fisherman found that the fish began to
(b) After the fisherman had put a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to
⒊垂懸不定式動詞短語,如:
To write well, a lot of practice is
To be a loyal employee, a sense of belonging is a
這兩個(gè)句子的不定式動詞短語(infinitive phrases)并不能修飾“practice”和“a sense of belonging”,真正的主語必須是“ 人”,如:
(a) To write well, one needs a lot of practice/a person has to practise a
(b) To be a loyal employee, he or she must have a sense of
上述三類垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一類發(fā)生的頻率,必須注意。但是在下列三種情況下,分詞短語是對的,它們并非垂懸結(jié)構(gòu):
第一,獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(The Absolute Construction,見3月7日《中英合談》)中的分詞短語有自己的主語,所以不是垂懸結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
Such being the case, we can go home ……it is not wrong to call it a
第二,當(dāng)分詞含有介詞或連詞性質(zhì)時(shí),它不需要邏輯主語,所以沒有垂懸問題存在。例如:
Owing to a lack of funds, the project has to be
Provided that there is sufficient time, everyone can do the job
第三,當(dāng)分詞短語是用來表示說話者的態(tài)度或意見時(shí),也不需要邏輯主語,因此也不存在著垂懸問題。例如:
Judging from his facial look, the news must have been
Taken as a whole, there is nothing wrong with the logic behind that
Ⅰ. ??紗卧~必背
[C]長隊(duì);行列 排隊(duì)等候
If we had booked a table earlier,we couldn't be standing here in a
如果你早訂張桌子的話,我們現(xiàn)在就不會站在這兒排隊(duì)了。
①推薦;介紹 ②勸告;建議(接從句時(shí)常用虛擬語氣)
I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to
上周我從圖書館借了本《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》,這是我同學(xué)推薦我看的書。
[快速閃記]
(1)recommend sb sth = recommend sth to sb 向某人推薦某物
recommend doing sth 建議(勸告)某人做某事
recommend sb to do sth 勸告某人做……
recommend sb 推薦某人當(dāng)……
recommend (should) 建議某人……
(2)recommendation ①[U]推薦;介紹 ②[C]推薦信;介紹信;勸告
a letter of recommendation 推薦信
舒適;安慰 安慰
The old lady often comforts those who are in
這位老婦人經(jīng)常安慰處于困境的人。
[快速閃記]
comfortable 舒服的
comfortably 舒適地
[C]代用品;代替者 用……代替
There is no substitute to hard
什么都替代不了努力工作。
[快速閃記]
a substitute ……的代替者
substitute A for B=substitute B with A用A代替B
substitute for 代替
[C]需要;要求;需要的東西;必要的條件
We have to fit ourselves to the requirements of our
我們必須適應(yīng)工作的需要。
[快速閃記]
(1)require sth of sb 向某人要求某物
require+doing/to be done(主語為動作的承受者) 需要做被
require+to do(主語為動作的發(fā)出者) 需要做
require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
require (should) do要求……(虛擬語氣)
(2)to meet/satisfy the requirements 符合/滿足必備的條件
起草;制定;征募 匯票;草稿;草案
Finally,my thanks go to my tutor,who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of my
最后,我要感謝我的導(dǎo)師,因?yàn)樗o我的論文提供了很多建議和評論,修改我的草稿的每一頁。
'n?lId?/ ①承認(rèn);確認(rèn) ②答謝;向……打招呼
It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall
人們普遍認(rèn)為應(yīng)該通過綜合素質(zhì)來評價(jià)學(xué)生。
acknowledgement 承認(rèn);答謝
in acknowledgement of 為感謝……
占領(lǐng);占用;使忙碌
He occupied his whole afternoon reading
他用了一下午的時(shí)間讀書。
[快速閃記]
occupation [C]&[U] ①占領(lǐng);占據(jù) ②工作;職業(yè)
be occupied with sth 忙于某事
be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事
[C]&[U] 常規(guī);慣例;例行公事 例行的;常規(guī)的
Thus eating becomes an enjoyment instead of a routine work you have to do every
因此,飲食成為一種享受而不是一個(gè)每天你必須做的例行工作。
[快速閃記]
a routine report 例行報(bào)告
豐富的;充裕的
We have abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the
我們有充分的證據(jù)證明汽車對環(huán)境有不良影響。
[快速閃記]
be abundant in (= be rich in) 富有……;……很豐富
abundance 大量;充裕
in abundance 豐富;大量
Ⅱ. 高頻短語必會
to 適應(yīng);調(diào)節(jié)
it up 保持優(yōu)秀成績;繼續(xù)干下去
[快速閃記]
keep an eye on 照看;留意;密切注視
keep a record (of) 登記;記錄
keep back 保留;阻止
keep fit 保持健康
doing 阻止……做
mind 記住;想著
keep off 避開;防止;擋住
keep on 繼續(xù)(干)
() 遮擋;使不進(jìn)入
keep to one's promise 信守諾言
keep up 保持;繼續(xù)(某活動);不使(斗志)低落;維持
keep up with 跟上;不落在后面
keep (a) watch 注意;警惕;提防
in 相適應(yīng);相融合
far as one is concerned 就……而言
in and day out 日復(fù)一日
of the question 不可能的;不值得討論的
out of question 毫無疑問
Ⅲ. 寫作句式必學(xué)
was the first time she had ever left her
這是她第一次離開自己的祖國。
here is quite different from studying in
在這里學(xué)習(xí)跟在中國學(xué)習(xí)相當(dāng)不同。
's not just study that's
困難不僅僅只是學(xué)習(xí)方面。
I miss my family,it's great comfort to have a substitute family to be
當(dāng)我想家的時(shí)候,房東家就是我家的替身,和他們在一起給了我很大的安慰。
,as far as he was concerned,what other people thought was not the most important
此外,他認(rèn)為,別人想什么并不是最重要的事情。
have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social
我一直忙于學(xué)習(xí),以至于我沒有時(shí)間去參與社會活動。
Ⅰ. ??紗卧~必背
渴望;愿望;欲望渴望;向往;要求
We all desire happiness and
我們都想得到幸福和健康。
[快速閃記]
(1)have a strong desire to do sth 迫切想要做某事
(2)have a strong desire for sth 急于想得到某物
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
desire that主語+should+動詞原形,should可以省略。
(3)desirable 令人滿意的
desired 渴望的;想得到的
警報(bào);驚恐 使警覺;使驚恐;驚動
I forgot to set my alarm and I
我忘了定鬧鐘,結(jié)果睡過了頭。
They were alarmed by a sudden
突然襲擊使他們大為驚恐。
同情
I have a lot of sympathy for him;he brought up his two children on his
我非常同情他,他獨(dú)自把兩個(gè)孩子養(yǎng)大。
[快速閃記]
(1)feel/have great sympathy for sb 對某人深感同情
with sympathy 同情地
(2)sympathetic 同情的;支持的
sympathize/sympathise ①同情;憐憫 ②體諒;贊同
(u)r [U]喜愛;恩惠;贊同 喜愛;支持;贊成
The idea is beginning to gain widespread
這種意見開始贏得廣泛贊同。
[快速閃記]
(1)in favour of 贊同;支持
in sb 's favour 對某人有利
do sb a favour/do a favour for sb 幫某人一個(gè)忙
ask sb a favour=ask a favour of sb 請某人幫忙
(2)favourable 贊同的;有利的
favourite 特別喜愛的(東西)
[C] ①一堆②大量 堆積;積聚
The leaves had been swept into huge
樹葉被掃成了一大堆一大堆的。
[快速閃記]
a pile of 一堆
piles of 一堆堆的
pile up 堆積
荒謬的;可笑的
He felt it was absurd to be filled with hatred for someone he had never
他覺得對從未見過的人充滿仇恨可真是荒謬。
accompany ①陪伴;伴隨 ②伴隨發(fā)生(with) ③伴奏(+on/at)
Friends,in this time of happiness,joy and goodwill to accompany you! 朋友,在這幸福的時(shí)光里,讓快樂和美好永遠(yuǎn)陪伴著你!
[快速閃記]
(1)accompany sb to someplace 陪伴某人去某地
accompany sb on/at 用……給某人伴奏
與……同時(shí)存在或發(fā)生
(2)keep sb company 陪伴某人
in company with 與……一起
宣布(聲明);申報(bào);聲明
He declared that he would fight for his
他宣稱要為他的權(quán)利而斗爭。
[快速閃記]
declaration 宣言,布告,公告,聲明
declare against 聲明反對
declare sth to sb/sth 向……表明自己的觀點(diǎn)
宣布……開始/結(jié)束
declared war on 向……宣戰(zhàn)
天才;特殊能力
Which of them has more musical talent is open to
他們之中誰更有音樂天賦還未有定論。
服從;聽從;遵守
disobey 不服從;違抗
A robot must obey the orders given to it by human
機(jī)器人必須遵守人類的指令。
obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則
Ⅱ. 高頻短語必會
out 實(shí)驗(yàn);考驗(yàn)
up 給……打電話
around 轉(zhuǎn)身;翻轉(zhuǎn)
aside 將……放在一邊;為……節(jié)省或保留
all 總共;總計(jì)
bound to 一定做……
Ⅲ. 寫作句式必學(xué)
was disturbing and frightening that he looked so 機(jī)器人如此通人性,這使她覺得心煩和害怕。
a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more
作為一個(gè)恩惠,托尼答應(yīng)幫助克萊爾,使她更漂亮,使她的家更高雅。
fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room,he managed to catch her in
她從梯子上掉下來,盡管托尼在隔壁房間里,他還是及時(shí)(趕過來)把她接住了。
Ⅰ. ??紗卧~必背
雄心;野心ambitious 有雄心的;有野心的
His only fault is that he lacks 他唯一的不足是志向短小。
有益的;受益的benefit 有益于 受益;得到好處 好處;益處
Your medicine has benefited me 你的藥對我大有益處。
[快速閃記]benefit from 從……中受益be of benefit to 對……有益(=be beneficial to)for the benefit of 為……(的利益)
笨拙的
①(使)適應(yīng)②改編;改寫
I suggested he should adapt himself to his new 我認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。
[快速閃記](1)adapt(oneself) to(doing) sth (使某人)適應(yīng)(做)某事 根據(jù)……改編……be adapted for 為……而改編(2)adaptation [C] & [U] 適應(yīng);改編;改寫本;改編的作品
①[C] & [U]缺席;不在②[U]缺乏
A stranger brought you this letter during your 你不在時(shí),一個(gè)陌生人給你捎來了這封信。
[快速閃記](1)absence of mind 心不在焉in sb's absence 某人不在時(shí)in the absence of sth 缺乏某物(2)absent ①缺席的;不在的 ②缺乏的be absent from 缺席……absent-minded 心不在焉的
辭職;放棄 辭去;放棄;把……交付(給)
All the employees resign because the employer is too 因?yàn)槔习逄恢v理,雇員全體辭職。She resigned her baby to the care of her 她把嬰兒托付給鄰居照管。resign from a job 辭職
①足夠的②恰當(dāng)?shù)?勝任的
[快速閃記]be adequate for 足夠……be adequate to 勝任做……;足以做……
①接近/進(jìn)入的方法;到達(dá)/進(jìn)入的權(quán)利②通道;入口
only a few people have access to the full facts of the 只有幾個(gè)人可以知道事件的全部真相。
[快速閃記]have/gain/get/obtain access to 可接近;可進(jìn)入;可使用accessible/?k'ses?bl/ 容易取得的;容易接近的;容易受影響的be accessible to 能接近……,可使用……
[C] & [U]贊成;同意;批準(zhǔn)
Do the plans meet with your approval?這些計(jì)劃你贊成嗎?
[快速閃記](1)approve 贊成;同意approve of sb's doing sth 同意某人做某事(2)without approval 未經(jīng)許可give one's approval to 同意;批準(zhǔn)
[C] & [U]利潤;收益;利益;益處有益(于);有利(于)
A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities 一家在國內(nèi)市場利潤下降的公司可能會去國外謀求機(jī)會。It will profit us nothing to do 做那事對我們沒有任何好處。
Ⅱ. 高頻短語必會
other words 換句話說
[快速閃記]have a word with sb 與某人談話keep/break one's word 遵守諾言/食言;失信beyond words 無法用語言表達(dá)
out 切下,裁剪
[快速閃記]cut across 抄近路cut away 切,剪,去掉cut down 減少,砍倒cut in 插嘴,插隊(duì)cut off 切斷,阻礙cut up 切碎,使悲痛,使傷心
of breath 上氣不接下氣
Reaching the top of the tower,he was out of 到了塔頂他就上氣不接下氣了。
catch/hold one's breath 屏息;憋住氣lose one's breath 喘不過氣
in all 總而言之 around 閑坐著 many ways 在很多方面 well as 也;和 fun of 取笑 mind 不必?fù)?dān)心 with 遇到;經(jīng)歷;會晤
Ⅲ. 寫作句式必學(xué)
time I returned after an absence,I felt stupid because I was behind the 每次請過假之后,我覺得自己笨,因?yàn)楸葎e人落后了一些。
,too,I was too weak to go to school so my education 有時(shí),我的身體也很虛弱,以至于不能去上學(xué),因此我的學(xué)習(xí)受到了影響。
accept them for who they are,and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you 接受他們,給予他們鼓勵,讓他們能像你一樣過得豐富多彩,充實(shí)美滿。
一、過去分詞
過去分詞兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征,可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。
作定語
作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞,一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語,一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如:
There are many fallen leaves on the
This is a book written by a
作表語
過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
I was pleased at the
The door remained
過去分詞作表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞,常見的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
過去分詞作表語時(shí),應(yīng)注意與被動結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動作。
The small village is surrounded by (狀態(tài))
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy (動作)
I'm interested in (狀態(tài))
過去分詞做狀語
①表時(shí)間,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the
②表原因,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the
③表?xiàng)l件,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句,有時(shí)過去分詞前可用 if 等詞
Heated, water changes into
Given another chance, he will do
④表讓步,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his
⑤表伴隨,說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the
The trainer appeared, followed by five little
put forward: 提出(計(jì)劃、建議等);將…提前;把鐘表撥快
He put forward a goodplan for this 他為這項(xiàng)工程提出了一個(gè)好的方案。
The match has been putforward to 比賽已經(jīng)提前到一點(diǎn)半舉行。
Put the clock forward byten 把鐘表撥快十分鐘。
【詞語聯(lián)想】
put away: 收起來;貯存,儲蓄
put down: 放下;寫下,記下
put off: 推遲;延期
put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戲?。?/p>
put on weight: 增加了體重
put on a new play: 上演新戲劇
put up: 張貼;撐開(帳篷)
put up a poster: 張貼海報(bào)
put up a tent: 搭起帳篷
conclude: 作結(jié)論,斷定
The jury concludedthat he was 陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)定他有罪。
conclusion: 結(jié)論
【習(xí)慣用語】
★ draw a conclusion 作出結(jié)論
defeat 打敗, 擊敗, 戰(zhàn)勝;使(希望, 計(jì)劃等)失敗, 挫敗; 阻撓, 使無效
He finally conceded 他最終承認(rèn)了失敗。
◆區(qū)別: defeat, conquer, overcome
defeat 指“贏得勝利”, 尤其指“軍事上的勝利”,
defeat the enemy 打敗敵人。
conquer指“征服”、”戰(zhàn)勝”,特別指“獲得對人、物或感情的控制”
conquer nature 征服自然。
overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝”、“壓倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言,
overcome difficulties 克服困難。
attend:
1) to be present at; go to(meeting, conference, ) 出席;參加
He decided to attendthe meeting 他決定親自赴會。
2) to look after, care for,serve 照顧;看護(hù)。
Which doctor isattending to (on) you? 哪位醫(yī)生護(hù)理你?
3)to go with 伴隨
The work was attendedwith much 這項(xiàng)工作帶來許多困難。
Don't expose your skinto the sun for too
不要使你的皮膚暴露在太陽光下太長時(shí)間。
They had to be exposed tothe enemy's
他們不得不冒著敵人的炮火。
blame for 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人
He blamed the boy forhis
★ be to blame: 應(yīng)受責(zé)備,應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任
Who is to blame for themistake?這個(gè)錯誤應(yīng)歸咎于誰?
in addition: 除此之外,另外, 意思相當(dāng)于 besides, what's more
I paid 100 Yuan 我又付了 100 元。
In addition to English, hehas to study a second
除了英語以外,他還要學(xué)習(xí)第二外國語。
◆區(qū)別: in addition to, except, besides,beside
in addition to:除…之外,還有…,表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
The company providedthe workers with free lunch in addition to paid 這家公司為員工們提供帶薪假期,還有免費(fèi)午餐。
except: 除…之外,表示在整體中排除,
Everyone except me gotan 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬.
besides表示“除了……以外,還有……”,與in addition to 同義,
Besides Mr Wang, wealso went to see the 王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides 我們都同意, 他也同意。
beside : 在…旁邊。表示方位。
Lily sits beside me 莉莉在班上做我旁邊。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1)He speaks French as well as
He speaks French inaddition to/besides
2) Apart from the salary,it’s not a bad
In addition to/Exceptthe salary, it’s not a bad
announce: 公布;宣告
He announced 他宣布了他的決定。
absorb
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs 海綿吸水。
【習(xí)慣用語】
2)專心于
★ be absorbed in sth: 專心的,全神貫注的
The little girl wasabsorbed in reading a 這個(gè)小姑娘正在全神貫注的閱讀一篇故事。
challenge 挑戰(zhàn); 挑戰(zhàn)書; 邀請比賽; 要求決斗
向挑戰(zhàn), 要求, 懷疑 ; 挑戰(zhàn), 對(證據(jù)等)表示異議
meet the serious challenge 面對嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)
高頻短語必會
1.a(chǎn)dd up合計(jì);加起來
I'm going to add up all the money I
我要合計(jì)一下我所有的錢。
[快速閃記]
(1)add的意思是“把……加上去”,不是“增加”,如“增加工資”,應(yīng)用increase或raise。
(2)add to增加;add up to合計(jì)達(dá);把……加到……
Please add up the numbers and I'm sure they will add up to more than 1,
請把這些數(shù)字加起來,我確信它們加起來多于1 000。
2.calm() down (使)平靜下來;(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來
The crying child soon calmed
哭鬧的小孩兒不一會兒就安靜下來了。
3.go through 經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受;穿過;仔細(xì)檢查;完成;用完
I went through the same thing last
我去年也經(jīng)歷了同樣的事情。
I can't go through the book in one
這本書我一天看不完。
[快速閃記]
go up上升;攀登;增長;被建造起來
go with陪……一起去;伴隨;與……相配
go without 沒有,缺乏,將就;不言而喻,理所當(dāng)然
go wrong出毛??;失敗
4.set down 記下;放下;登記
I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people 我不想像大多數(shù)人那樣做的在日記里記下一系列的事實(shí)。
[快速閃記]
set down記下;放下;登記;讓某人下車
set aside把……放在一邊;省出,留出(錢或時(shí)間)
set up建立;創(chuàng)立;開辦
set off動身;使爆炸
set about (doing) sth 開始/著手(做)某事
set out出發(fā),動身;開始(后跟不定式)
5.a(chǎn) series of一連串的;一系列;一套
Then they began a series of
這時(shí)他們開始了一系列的試驗(yàn)。
6.on purpose 故意
I came here on purpose to see
我特地來這里看你。
7.in order to 為了……
In order to catch the train,she got up
為了趕上火車,她起床很早。
He decided to work harder so as to/in order to catch up with the
他決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí),以便趕上其他人。
[快速閃記]
in order to為了……,表目的,后接動詞原形,可位于句首或句中,相當(dāng)于so as to,但后者不能位于句首。其否定形式為:in order not to/so as not to。
8.no longer 不再……
He was long a famous musician,but he plays no longer/doesn't play any
他成為有名的音樂家已很久了,但他現(xiàn)在不演奏了。
9.suffer from遭受;患病
Do you often suffer from a headache?
你經(jīng)常頭痛嗎?
[快速閃記]
(1)suffer后常接hunger,pain,loss,defeat,poverty,punishment,hardship,damage等名詞作賓語。
(2)suffer from后常接表示疾病的名稱或造成不幸、痛苦的事物的名稱作賓語。
10.get/be tired of對……厭煩
get/be tired from/with因……而疲倦、勞累
11.fall in love 相愛;愛上
The first time Tom saw Mary,he fell in love with 第一次見到Mary就愛上了她。
[快速閃記]
(1)fall in love (with sb)愛上(某人),表示動作,不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
(2)be in love (with sb) (與某人) 相愛,屬狀態(tài)性動詞短語,可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。
12.join in參加;加入
They danced and danced until a lot of us joined
他們不停地跳著舞,直到我們中間許多人都參加了進(jìn)去。
(1)join in指參加正在進(jìn)行的活動,其賓語一般是競賽、娛樂、談話、討論、聚會、游戲等名詞,可用于join in (doing) sth/join sb? in (doing) sth。
(2)join常指加入某組織或團(tuán)體,并成為其中的一員,其賓語往往是the army/team/club或sb 等。
詢問天氣的表達(dá)方式:
How’s the weather?
It’s a raining/sunny
It’s
What’s the weather like?
It’s
computer games
’s it/ everything going?
at the park
a message for sb 替人留言
Leave a message to sb 給人留言
sb back
now,right away,at once,in a minute,in a moment,in no time 立刻,馬上
now現(xiàn)在
just now剛剛(用于一般過去式)
and over again
answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game
the pool
vacation
on a vacation去度假
be on a vacation在度假
(a letter)to sb
“Good beginning is half done”,對于小升初英語作文,開頭是在閱卷老師面前的第一次亮相,它將決定你所寫的文章在閱卷老師心中所留下的第一印象。我們該怎樣一提起筆就讓自己成功一半呢?
“開門見山”式開頭
一般來說,文章的開頭應(yīng)盡量做到“開門見山”,即要用簡單明了的語言引出文章的話題,使人一開始就能了解文章要說明的內(nèi)容。
①. 對于敘事類的文章,可以在開頭把人物、時(shí)間、事件和環(huán)境交代清楚。如“A Trip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭可以是:Last month, my family went to Huangshan by It took us ten hours to get What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited
②. 對于論述性的文章,可以在開頭處先闡明自己的觀點(diǎn),接著展開進(jìn)一步的論述。如“The Time and the Money(時(shí)間和金錢)” 的開頭可以是:Most people say that money is more important than But I don’t think First, when money is used up, you can earn it back, but……
回憶性開頭
在描述事件或游記類的文章中,采用回憶性的開頭往往更能吸引人的眼球。這種類型的開頭中通常含有描述自己心情或情緒的詞匯,如never for get_r(永遠(yuǎn)無法忘記)、 remember (記得)、unfor gettable_r(難以忘懷的)、 exciting(令人激動的)、surprising(令人驚訝的)、sad (難過的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黃山之旅)”的開頭還以這樣寫:I will never forget my first trip to 或It was really an unforgettable experience I
疑問性開頭
在敘事類或論述性的文章中,都可采用疑問型開頭,這樣既可以吸引閱卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“Planting Trees(種樹)”的開頭可以是:Have you ever planted trees? Don’t you think planting trees is ……再如“Traveling Abroad(出國之旅)”的開頭可以是:If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?
倒敘式開頭
在有的文章,特別是敘事類的文章中,可以采用倒敘的寫作手法,先寫出事件的結(jié)果,再陳述過程。如“Catching Thieves (捉賊)”的開頭可以這樣寫:I lay in bed in the I smiled at my friends even though my legs Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell It’s a …
ride a bike 騎自行車
see a film 看電影
surf the Net 上網(wǎng)
take a message 傳遞信息
take exercise 進(jìn)行鍛煉
take medicine 服藥
take off 脫下
take photos 照相
turn off 關(guān)閉
turn on 打開
wait a moment 稍等一下
wait for 等候
wash clothes 洗衣服
wash dishes 洗碟子
watch a football match 看足球賽
watch TV 看電視
water the flower 澆花
water the tree 澆樹
clean---cleaned my room 打掃我的房間
last weekend 上個(gè)周末
wash ---washed my clothes 洗我的衣服
last Monday上個(gè)星期一
stay---stayed at home 待在家里
last night昨晚
watch---watched TV 看電視
yesterday evening昨天晚上
drink---drank tea 喝茶
yesterday昨天
have---had a cold 感冒
the day before yesterday前天
see---saw a film 看電影
read---read a book 看書
sleep---slept 睡覺
tall ------ taller 高的----更高的
dinosaur 恐龍
short ------ shorter 矮的/短的----更矮的/更短的
hall 大廳
long ------ longer 長的----更長的
than 比
strong------ stronger 強(qiáng)壯的----更強(qiáng)壯的
both 兩個(gè)都
old ------ older 老的/舊的----更老的/更舊的
meter 米
形容詞 young------ younger 年輕的----更年輕的
kilogram千克;公斤
small------ small 小的----更小的
others size 號碼
thin ------ thinner 瘦的----更瘦的
feet 腳
heavy------heavier 重點(diǎn)----更重的
wear 穿
low------ lower 低地----更低地
countryside鄉(xiāng)村
smart------smarter 聰明的 ----更聰明的
shadow 影子;陰影
become變成;開始變得
go fishing--- went fishing 去釣魚
Labour Day 勞動節(jié)
go camping --- went camping 去野營
mule 騾子
go swimming--- went swimming 去游泳
一、相互代詞的形式與用法
英語的相互代詞只有eachother和oneanother,它們在句中通常只用作賓語:
eachother
Wedon’我們不常見面。
我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。
我們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會再見。
他們不久就互相愛上了。
大海和藍(lán)天似乎融為一體。
oneanother
他們互相尊重(對方)。
你們看起來像是互相認(rèn)識。
他們相互很喜歡。
二、使用相互代詞注意點(diǎn)
相互代詞在句中通常只用作賓語,不可用作主語,所以以相互代詞為賓語的句子不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。
不要將相互代詞誤認(rèn)為是副詞,將其用作狀語,如可說talktoeachother,但不能說talkeachother。
相互代詞可以有所有格形式:
Thestudentsborrowedeachother’學(xué)生們互相借筆記。
Theyoftenstayinoneanother’他們常常在彼此家里住。
Ihopethatyouallenjoyeachother’我希望你們在一起過得愉快。
Ihopethatyouallenjoyeachother’我希望你們在一起過得愉快。
Theylookedintoeachother’他們默默地對視了一會兒。
They’llsithhourslookingintoeachother’s(oneanother’s)他們有時(shí)對坐幾小時(shí)望著彼此的眼睛。
有時(shí)可分開用:
我們都知道對方的想法。
每個(gè)人都設(shè)法想說服對方留在家里。
有人認(rèn)為,eachother用于兩者,oneanother用于三者,但在現(xiàn)代英語中兩者??蓳Q用(即均可用于兩者或三者)。
【微語】是不是人才,不是自己說你行,而是別人說你行。