教培參考
教育培訓(xùn)行業(yè)知識(shí)型媒體
發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2024-08-12 21:12:13
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、詞組
be from= come form 來自
pen pal=pen friend 筆友 l
ike and dislike 好惡;愛憎。
live in +地點(diǎn) 在居住
speak +語言 講某種語言
play sports 做體育運(yùn)動(dòng)
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
write to sb 給某人寫信
an action movie 一部動(dòng)作片
on weekends 在周末
tell sb about sth 告訴某人某事
Excuse me 對不起，打擾
get to 到達(dá)、抵達(dá)。
二、句型
1、Where+be+主語+from?
主語+be+from+地點(diǎn).
2、Where do/does+主語+live?
主語+live/lives in…
3、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語+speak/speaks….
4、主語+like/likes+doing/to do…
What is your favorite subject/sport?
My favorite subject/sport is…
that your new pen pal?
-Yes, it
consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒有進(jìn)行時(shí))
The UK consists ofGreat BritainandNorthern
=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the
區(qū)別:
- separate from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)
- 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)
The teacher divided the class into two
The Taiwan Strait separatesTaiwanfrom
debate about
They debate about the proposal for three
debate /argue/ quarrel
clarify: (cause to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了
I hope what I say will clarify the
Can you clarify the question?
be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接
【習(xí)慣用語】- link A to B 將A和B連接起來
refer to
1)提及，指的是……
When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?
2) 參考;查閱;詢問
If you don't understand a word you may refer to your
Please refer to the last page of the book for
3) 關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎
What I have to say refers to all of
This rule refers to
reference: 參考 reference books 參考書
to one's surprise (prep)
“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”
常見的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等
I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for
To John's great relief they reached the house at
found themselves united peacefully
“find +賓語+賓補(bǔ)( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語;不定式)”
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the
You'll find him easy to get along
They found themselves trapped by the bush
When I woke up, I found myself in
I called on him yesterday, but I found him
get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….
I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll
get + + to do
get + + doing
You'll get her to
I'll get the car
get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”
Be careful when you cross this very busy
break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…
It is not easy for him to break away from bad
The man broke away from his
break down (會(huì)談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控
His car broke down on the way to work this
His health broke down under the pressure of
He broke down and wept when he heard the
Talks between the two countries have completely broken
- break in 闖入;打岔
- break off 中斷，折斷
- break into 闖入
- break out 爆發(fā);發(fā)生
- break up 驅(qū)散;分散，拆散
as well as 不僅…而且;既…又…
He is a teacher as well as a
The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the
convenience: 方便;便利(convenient: )
We bought this house for its
attraction: (attract: )
1). 吸引;引力(不可數(shù) ) attraction of gravitation 重力
2). 吸引人的東西;喜聞樂見的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù) )
He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot
A big city offers many and varied
What are the principle attractions this evening?
influence
1) 對…產(chǎn)生影響 What influence you to choose a career in teaching?
2)可數(shù) 產(chǎn)生影響的人或事 He is one of the good influences in the
3) (不可數(shù)) 影響 A teacher has great influence over his
put forward: 提出(計(jì)劃、建議等);將…提前;把鐘表撥快
He put forward a good plan for this 他為這項(xiàng)工程提出了一個(gè)好的方案。
The match has been put forward to 比賽已經(jīng)提前到一點(diǎn)半舉行。
Put the clock forward by ten 把鐘表撥快十分鐘。
【詞語聯(lián)想】
- put away: 收起來;貯存，儲(chǔ)蓄
- put down: 放下;寫下，記下
- put off: 推遲;延期
- put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戲劇) put on weight: 增加了體重 put on a new play: 上演新戲劇
- put up: 張貼;撐開(帳篷) put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帳篷
conclude: 作結(jié)論，斷定(conclusion: 結(jié)論)
The jury concluded that he was 陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)定他有罪。
【習(xí)慣用語】- draw a conclusion 作出結(jié)論
defeat 打敗, 擊敗, 戰(zhàn)勝; 使(希望, 計(jì)劃等)失敗, 挫敗; 阻撓, 使無效
He finally conceded 他最終承認(rèn)了失敗。
◆ 區(qū)別: defeat, conquer, overcome
- defeat 指“贏得勝利”, 尤其指“軍事上的勝利”, defeat the enemy 打敗敵人。
- conquer指“征服”、”戰(zhàn)勝”,特別指“獲得對人、物或感情的控制”, conquer nature
- overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝”、“壓倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, overcome difficulties
attend:
1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, ) 出席;參加
He decided to attend the meeting 他決定親自赴會(huì)。
2) to look after, care for, serve 照顧;看護(hù)。
Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位醫(yī)生護(hù)理你?
3)to go with 伴隨
The work was attended with much 這項(xiàng)工作帶來許多困難。
Don't expose your skin to the sun for too
They had to be exposed to the enemy's
blame for 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人
He blamed the boy for his
- be to blame: 應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任
Who is to blame for the mistake?這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)歸咎于誰?
in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相當(dāng)于 besides, what's more
I paid 100 Yuan in
In addition to English, he has to study a second
◆ 區(qū)別: in addition to, except, besides,beside
- in addition to：除…之外，還有…，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid 這家公司為員工們提供帶薪假期，還有免費(fèi)午餐。
- except: 除…之外，表示在整體中排除，
Everyone except me got an 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬.
- besides 表示“除了……以外，還有……”，與in addition to 同義，
Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the 王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides 我們都同意, 他也同意。
- beside : 在…旁邊。表示方位。
Lily sits beside me in 莉莉在班上做我旁邊。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1)He speaks French as well as
He speaks French in addition to/besides
2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad
In addition to/Except the salary, it’s not a bad
announce: 公布;宣告
He announced his 他宣布了他的決定。
absorb
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs 海綿吸水。
2)專心于
- be absorbed in sth: 專心的，全神貫注的
The little girl was absorbed in reading a 這個(gè)小姑娘正在全神貫注的閱讀一篇故事。
challenge 挑戰(zhàn); 挑戰(zhàn)書; 邀請比賽; 要求決斗
向挑戰(zhàn), 要求, 懷疑 ; 挑戰(zhàn), 對(證據(jù)等)表示異議
meet the serious challenge 面對嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)
concentrate 聚精會(huì)神，集中思想，多與 on 和 upon 或連用 Concentrate on your 集中精神工作。
A driver should concentrate on the road when
Industrial development is being concentrated in the west of the
acquire 獲得, 學(xué)到，取得，擁有 acquired, acquiring
She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful
Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in
accuse of doing 指責(zé)，指控 accused, accusing
The police accused him of 警方指控他謀殺。
She accused him 她指責(zé)他說謊.
He was wrongly accused of 他誤遭控告犯偷盜罪.
be of interest/ importance, value, use, help, =
This is a matter of great 這是一件非常重要的事。
The book is of great value to 這本書對我來說有很大價(jià)值。
There is nothing interesting/of interest in today's
journalist 新聞?dòng)浾?新聞工作者
He is a professional 他是一位專門的新聞從業(yè)人員
delighted 高興的, 快樂的
I am really 我真的很高興。
【詞語聯(lián)想】
delight 高興, 愉快 ; 使高興, 樂于; 感到高興(或愉快、快樂)
is her chief 唱歌是她的主要愛好。
assist 幫助, 協(xié)助; 幫助, 促進(jìn); 協(xié)助, 參加
【習(xí)慣用語 】
- assist with 幫助某人[做某事]
-assist to do 幫助某人[做某事]
-assist in doing 幫助某人[做某事]
◆ 區(qū)別: help, aid, assist 都含"幫助"、"援助"的意思。
-help 系常用詞, 意義較aid, assist 強(qiáng), 指"以積極態(tài)度給予各方面的幫助", 強(qiáng)調(diào)"受助者得到幫助或好處", 并著重"受助者對幫助的需要"
Please help me arrange these
-aid 屬較正式用語, 強(qiáng)調(diào)"幫助受助者脫離困難或危險(xiǎn)", 有時(shí)意味著"強(qiáng)者援助弱者"
They aided flood
-assist是正式用語, 多指"在提供幫助時(shí), 幫助者起次要或起協(xié)助作用"
She assisted him in his
impression 印記;印象;感想;后接 of of on that 從句;
My first impression of him was
I got the impression that they were unhappy about the
知識(shí)拓展：impress 給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;使感動(dòng);常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：impress on/upon with 給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;
It impressed me that she remembered my 令我佩服的是她記得我的名字。
remind 提醒;使想起;
常用結(jié)構(gòu)有: remind to do 提醒某人做某事;
remind +(that)/wh-從句 提醒某人……;使某人想起……;
remind about/of 使某人想起或意識(shí)到……;提醒某人某事
I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me?
You remind me of your father when you say
知識(shí)拓展：reminder 提醒物;引起回憶的事物
constantly 始終;一直;重復(fù)不斷地
Fashion is constantly 時(shí)尚總是日新月異。
知識(shí)拓展：constant 連續(xù)發(fā)生的;不斷的;重復(fù)的;
previous 先前的;以往的;(時(shí)間上)稍前的
No previous experience is necessary for this
I couldn't believe it when I heard the I had only seen him the previous
知識(shí)拓展：previously 先前的;早先
The building had previously been used as a
bend (bent bent)彎曲;使彎曲;彎腰;彎身;
It's hard to bend an iron 把鐵棒弄彎很不容易。
She bent her head and kissed her 她低下頭吻了她的女兒。
常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts to 致力于某事
bend 迫使;說服
bend the truth 歪曲事實(shí)
press 壓;按;推;擠;堅(jiān)持;敦促 報(bào)章雜志，新聞工作者，新聞界
She pressed a handkerchief to his 她用手絹捂住鼻子。
She pressed down hard on the gas 她用力踩下油門踏板。
He is still pressing her claim for 他仍堅(jiān)持索賠。
The press was/were not allowed to attend the 庭審謝絕新聞采訪。
switch & 用作名詞表示“開關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換”。用作動(dòng)詞表示“轉(zhuǎn)換”。
She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was
Press these two keys to switch between documents on
I can't work next week, will you switch with me?
lack & 用作名詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作動(dòng)詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺;沒有;不足”。
a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金錢/技能
The trip was cancelled through lack of 因?yàn)槿狈εd趣這次旅行被取消了。
He lacks 他缺乏信心。
知識(shí)拓展：lacking 缺乏;沒有;匱乏;不足
surroundings [] 環(huán)境;surround 圍繞;環(huán)繞 surrounding 周圍的;附近的
Everyone likes to work in pleasant
catch/gain/get sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，看出
- lose sight of 看不見,忘記
- lose one's sight 失明
- at first sight 一見就;乍看起來 At first sight, the problem seems
-at (the) sight of 一看見就…… At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran
-be in sight 看得見，在眼前 The island is still in
-out of sight 看不見 Out of sight, out of
take up
to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(時(shí)間);占據(jù)(空間)
to learn to or start to do sth 開始做(某項(xiàng)工作);開始從事
to accept that is offered or available 接受(建議或能得到的東西)
The table takes up too much 這張桌子太占地兒。
They have taken up 他們學(xué)起打高爾夫球來了。
She took up his offer of a 他請她喝一杯，她接受了。
He takes up his duties next 他下周就要開始履行職責(zé)。
sweep up 打掃;清掃;橫掃;涌向;快速地抱起
He swept up the baby up into his 他一把將孩子抱進(jìn)懷里
考點(diǎn)歸納：
考點(diǎn) sb to do sth 想要某人干某事
His father wants him_____(become )an
考點(diǎn) 的用法:
1).try to do sth 盡力干某事
He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .
2).try not to do sth 盡力不干某事
We try______(not let) my teacher
3).try one’s best to do sth 盡某人努力干某事
We should try our best ______ (study) all
4)詞組: try on 試穿 have a try 試一試
考點(diǎn) 的用法:
although /though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“即使，雖然”，不能與but 連用，但可與yet, still 連用。
考點(diǎn) doing sth 結(jié)束干某事
I will finish______ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .
考點(diǎn)’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事
I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home .
考點(diǎn) 的用法:
1).decide to do sth 決定干某事
2).decide not do sth 決定不干某事
3).decide on doing sth 決定干某事
1、形容詞的定義：形容詞簡稱 形容詞簡稱修飾 ，其他或全句的詞，，或全句的詞修飾，，其他或全句的詞，表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等。表示時(shí)間，地
點(diǎn)，程度，方式等。
2、復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成
(1)形容詞+ 名詞+ ed kind-hearted 好心的，white-haired 白發(fā)的
(2)形容詞+ 形容詞red-hot 熾熱的，dark-blue 深藍(lán)的
(3)形容詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking 好看的，easy-going 隨和的
(4)副詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working 勤勞的，fast-moving 快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的
(5)副詞+ 過去分詞hard-won 得來不易的，newly-made 新建的
(6)名詞+ 形容詞life-long 終生的，world-famous 世界聞名的
(7)名詞+ 現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving 愛好和平的，fun-loving 愛開玩笑的
(8)名詞+ 過去分詞snow-covered 白雪覆蓋的，hand-made 手工的
(9)數(shù)詞+ 名詞+ ed four-storeyed 4 層樓的，three-legged 3 條腿的
(10)數(shù)詞+ 名詞(名詞用單數(shù))ten-year 10 年的，two-man 兩人的
高二英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)篇四
什么是副詞?
指出句中的副詞：
You are standing near the Can you move a little farther? a little修飾副詞“farther”表示程度 farther修飾動(dòng)詞“move”表示方式
Miss Long usually goes to school by usually修飾動(dòng)詞goes，表示頻度、頻率
The two old passengers fell into the Unfortunately, neither of them could Unfortunately修飾整個(gè)句子
I won’t go with It’s much too hot much too修飾形容詞，表示程度修飾形容詞hot，修飾形容詞
一.重點(diǎn)詞匯
偏愛;優(yōu)先eg：Wine or beer?which is your preference?要葡萄酒還是啤酒?你比較喜歡哪一樣?
I have a preference for French 我更喜歡法國電影。
相關(guān)鏈接：prefer噸更喜歡preferable 更好一些(和to連用) preferably 是用法拓展.have a preference for偏愛…… show/gire(a)preference for偏愛……
have a preference of ,寧要某物而不要另一物
in preference to優(yōu)先于……;喜愛甚于……特別提醒;prefer是preference的動(dòng)詞形式，其搭配為：
prefer 喜歡……而不喜歡
prefer to do…rather than do…寧愿干……而不愿干……
v&設(shè)計(jì);打算給……用 eg：
He is designing a house f6r his frl’他正給他的朋友設(shè)計(jì)房子。
The road was not designed for heavy 這公路不是為重型卡車設(shè)計(jì)的。
用法拓展：design…f0 r…為某人設(shè)計(jì)…… .
be dem。gned for/to do…目的是……，打算給……用 一
by design故意地 have designs on/against…對……別有用心特別提醒：design當(dāng)“目的是……;打算給……用”講時(shí)，多用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
屬于;是……成員 eg：She belongs to this 她是這個(gè)學(xué)校的成員。China belongs to the third 中國屬于第三世界。
相關(guān)鍵接;belongings (復(fù))所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)用法拓展：belong to 屬于某人的特別提醒：
(1)belong to后面接名詞的普通格.不接所有格：后接代詞時(shí)用賓格，不用名詞性物主代詞。
(2)beIong to沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
銘刻，給……極深印象;使感動(dòng)eg： What impressed me is the beauty of the scenery 使我印象深刻的是那兒美麗的風(fēng)景。The book tmpressed a lot of 那本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。My father impressed on me the importaflce of 父親要我銘記工作的重要性。
相關(guān)鏈接：impression 印象，感覺impressive 給人留下深刻印象的用法拓展：impress 在……上印……tmpress 用……印…
be impressed by/at/with被深深打動(dòng) be impressed on曲.使某人銘記… make a…impression on…對……留下…印象
不管，不顧;任憑eg：
He came to the meeting despite his serious
他木顧重病還是來出席了會(huì)議。
He is very active despite his 他年紀(jì)雖大.卻很活躍。
用法拓展：despile=in spite of盡管though(althougll)盡管.雖然特別提醒：①despitein spite of但比in spite of更正式。②despite(in spite of) 是介詞.后接名詞(動(dòng)名詞.代詞)而though、although是連詞.連接句子。
③as con).引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句.句子須部分倒裝。④whik conj“盡管”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。
vt嘗……味道 嘗起來.吃起來 n情趣。鑒賞力eg;
can you taste anything strange in this soup?你嘗得出這湯有什么怪味嗎?
The soup tastes 這湯很可口。
The girl has a taste for 這女孩對音樂感興趣。
相關(guān)鏈接：tasty 美味的，可口的 a tasty meaI一頓美餐用法拓展：have a taste for對……喜歡 to one's taste按口味.合口味特別提醒;taste作系動(dòng)詞用后面須接形容詞作表語;無被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
二、重點(diǎn)短語
up with用……裝滿 eg：
Birds fill up the spaces between the branehes of their nests with soft
鳥用柔軟的材料填滿鳥巢之間的空間。
相關(guān)鏈接：fuIl“充滿的用法拓展：fill…with…用……裝滿……一be filled with be fuIl of裝滿……fill in…填入.填空
特別提醒：be filled with用……裝滿.be fuIl of裝滿……，這兩個(gè)短語中特別注意介詞，不要用混。
一aside把……置于一旁.留出，撥出 eg：
Ive set aside some money for this 我為這趟旅行存了一些錢。
Let's set aslde our personal 我們先暫時(shí)拋開個(gè)人情感。
用法拓展：put aside節(jié)省(錢，時(shí)間).儲(chǔ)存……備用
step aslde避開.退讓.站到一邊take aside把……叫到一邊
三、重點(diǎn)交際用語
can't ”我不能忍受……eg：she can't startd the 她無法忍受那種痛苦。
we can't stand being made fun 我們無法忍受被別人嘲弄。
用法拓展：can't stand+n /pron 不能忍受……can't stand+doing不能忍受……特別提醒：stand當(dāng)”承受.忍受”講.通常用于否定句和疑問句，不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
四、重點(diǎn)句型
+0+0C with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) eg：
with the door open he sIept Iast m’昨天晚上他開著門睡覺。
With the boy leadmg the had no difficulty finding his
有孩子帶路.我們沒費(fèi)事就找到了他的家。
用法拓展：with+賓語+形容詞 with+賓語十副詞with+賓語一介詞短語with十賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞 with十賓語+過去分詞 with十賓語+不定式
特別提醒:with后面的賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間若是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用doing或to do;若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系.則用done。
五、詞語辨析
，，invent四個(gè)詞都含有“創(chuàng)造”的意思
(1)create指“有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品”;也指“創(chuàng)造出原來不存在或與眾不同的事物”。eg：
We've created a new building out of an old 我們從舊廢墟上創(chuàng)建了一幢新樓。
(2)invent指“通過想像，研究，勞動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造出前所未有的東西”，尤指“科技上的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造”。eg：
Edison invented the light 愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈泡。
(3)make是最常用詞，指“用勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造、生產(chǎn)、形成或組成”某事物。eg：
AIl kinds of machine tools are made in this 這家工廠制造各種機(jī)床。
(4)produce指“通過勞動(dòng)加工而生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品”，尤指“工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品”。eg：
We must produce more food for ourselves and import 我們必須增產(chǎn)食品，減少進(jìn)口。
(1)含有can的肯定句：主語+can+謂語動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(2)變一般疑問句時(shí)，把can提前：Can+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
肯定回答：Yes，主語+can。否定回答：No，主語+can'
(3)含有can的否定句：主語+can't+動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(4)含有can的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+can+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
may+動(dòng)詞的原形。(may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)一般疑問句是把may提前，
肯定回答是：Yes，主語 +may。否定回答是：No，主語+mustn't?；騪lease don't。
join+某個(gè)組織，俱樂部，party，參軍，黨派等 “加入”
Join “參加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做，參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)” Join in=take part in +活動(dòng)，比賽
名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞()： 表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。如：boy， morning， bag， ball， class， orange。
2、代詞()： 主要用來代替名詞。如：who， she， you， it 。
3、形容詞()：表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征。如：good， right， white， orange 。
4、數(shù)詞()： 表示數(shù)目或事物的順序。如：one， two， three， first， second， third， fourth。
5、動(dòng)詞()： 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：am， is，are，have，see 。
6、副詞()： 修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞，說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等。如：now， very， here， often， quietly， slowly。
7、冠詞()：用在名詞前，幫助說明名詞。如：a， an， the。
8、介詞()： 表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。如in， on， from， above， behind。
9、連詞()： 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and， but， before 。
10、感嘆詞()表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如：oh， well， hi， hello。
1、合成法：如：spaceship， headache， basketball， playground等等。
2、派生法：
(1)派生名詞：①動(dòng)詞+er/or ②動(dòng)詞+ing ③動(dòng)詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他，如：inventor， learner， swimming， congratulation， kindness， carelessness， knowledge
(2)派生形容詞：①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動(dòng)詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如：snowy， sunny， hopeful， beautiful， interesting， follwing， daily(每日的)，nervous， delicious
(3)派生副詞：①形容詞+ly ②其它，如：slowly， angrily， full→fully， good→well， possible→possibly等等。
3、轉(zhuǎn)換法：
(1)形容詞→動(dòng)詞，如：dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干)， clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃，弄干凈)，等等。
(2)動(dòng)詞→名詞，如：look， walk， rest， work， study， swim， go， talk等等。
(3)名詞→動(dòng)詞，如：hand(手)→(傳遞)，face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞，如：early→early， fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞，如：when(什么時(shí)候)→(當(dāng)……時(shí)候)，等等。
(6)介詞→副詞，如：in(到……里)→(在里面;在家)，on(在…上)→(進(jìn)行，繼續(xù))，等等。
同一個(gè)詞類可以在句中充當(dāng)不同的成分，同一個(gè)句子成分也可以由不同的詞類來擔(dān)任。
句子的組成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，詞與詞之間有一定的組合關(guān)系，按照不同的關(guān)系，可以把句子分為不同的組成成分。句子成分由詞或詞組充當(dāng)。
現(xiàn)代漢語里一般的句子成分有六種，即主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)語。英語的基本成分有六種：主語(subject)、謂語(predicate)、表語(predicative)、賓語(object)、定語(attribute)和狀語(adverbial)。
英語句子成分中,有些具有形態(tài)標(biāo)志。如第一人稱代詞作主語就用主格“I”,作賓語用賓格“me”，作定語用所有格“my”。這些形態(tài)變化對分析辨認(rèn)成分很有幫助。
漢語與英語就句子成分表面上看來差不多，實(shí)際上有不少差別。例如：
Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came 小李回家后, 立刻就睡覺了。
I'll go when I have had my 我吃了飯就去。
基本句型一： S+V (主+謂)
基本句型二： S+V+P (主+謂+表)
基本句型三： S+V+O (主+謂+賓)
基本句型四： S+V+o+O (主+謂+間賓+直賓)
基本句型五： S+V+O+C (主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ))
在英語中，同一個(gè)主語在第二次出現(xiàn)時(shí)不能省略，必須把每個(gè)謂語所陳述的對象都表示出來。而在漢語中，同一個(gè)主語在句中第二次出現(xiàn)時(shí)，就可以省略。如例(1)中，漢語說“小李回家后立刻就睡覺了”，省去了第二個(gè)分句的主語，倒可以避免造成誤解。若將第二次出現(xiàn)的主語補(bǔ)出來，說成“小李回家后，他立刻就睡覺了”。聽的人反而可能把那個(gè)“他”誤會(huì)成另一個(gè)人。
把句子的各個(gè)成分搞清楚，也就是把句子各部分的關(guān)系搞清楚。做到這一點(diǎn)，才可以準(zhǔn)確地理解句子的意思或造出結(jié)構(gòu)正確、意思明白的句子。有一點(diǎn)要注意，在分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，應(yīng)該抓住主要成分。我們分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，劃分句子成分無非是為了理解，或者是為了造句。各種語言有各自的規(guī)則、各自的習(xí)慣，而且語言是很靈活的東西，發(fā)展過程也很復(fù)雜，很難把語法的現(xiàn)象都做出明確、統(tǒng)一的解釋來。在使用一種語言時(shí)，語法應(yīng)讓位于習(xí)慣。符合習(xí)慣的，有時(shí)盡管不符合語法，也是正確的。
英語句子有長在短，有簡有繁，從現(xiàn)象看，似乎千變?nèi)f化，難以捉摸，但從實(shí)質(zhì)看，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，找出其共同規(guī)律。英語句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴(kuò)大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)。
此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。
這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。
S+V (不及物動(dòng)詞)
The sun │was
The moon │
The universe │
We all │breathe, eat, and
Lucy and Mary │get up early every
What he said │does not
They │had talked for half an hour when I came
His parents │have worked in the factory for more than ten
引言 introduction
正文 body
結(jié)束語 conclusion
引言 introduction
When you are waiting in front of a theatre or at the train terminals, you will realize how important punctuality Punctuality is really a virtue, especially in a busy city like Perhaps if everybody were punctual, there would be less suffering and
正文 body
Punctuality is the main constituent of good A person, who is always in time for his appointment, shows real consideration for On the other hand, a person who is always late shows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy to be friend
constituent 構(gòu)成
selfishness 自私
Some people often say that they cannot always be punctual since traffic is so heavy these I think traffic congestion cannot be an excuse for being As everybody knows that we might meet an unexpected congestion on the roads, we should leave a bit earlier for the appointment to ensure that we would not be
traffic congestion 交通堵塞
Some people always have a lot of excuses for coming When they finally arrive, they keep on saying sorry to their friends and then The excuse is not always traffic congestion, sometimes they complain that they have met a friend on the road or have helped a blind man to cross the Some also like to blame their watches, the clocks at home or in the To such people, we cannot help but say sorry that we have come too
keep on doing 一直做某事
Yet after all such smart fellows will soon find that gradually their friends become fewer and Perhaps at that time, they would realize how important punctuality
結(jié)束語 conclusion
To be or not to be punctual is a So when we are young, we should try to be punctual every time and never be late for it is much more easily acquired in youth than when we are
The person I shall never forget
The person I shall never forget is She is the best friend in my
She often listens to me when my mood is Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new
I will never forget her help even though I already left Wuhan I think that she will be one of the most important person during my I hope that the friendship of us will keep
修改后
I will never forget her help even though I have already left Wuhan I think that she will be one of the most important persons in my I hope that the friendship of us will keep
修改后
She often listens to me when I'm in a bad Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I need Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy some new
Why We Learn English
English is an international language Everyone needs to know
When we will visit a great number of different places in the word, we need to talk about local person with We are interesting in books, otherwise nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into We in order to go through ones, so we should have a good command of
We should try our best to learn the English language
修改后
When we visit a great number of different places in the world, we need to talk about a local person in Nowadays many of the valuable books are written in English or translated into English, so if we are interested in books, we should have a good command of
修改后
We should try our best to learn English
專升本英語作文考試中，語法一定要簡明扼要，而且要正確。
英語冠詞
a 與 an 的用法區(qū)別
基本區(qū)別：原則上說，a用于輔音前;an用于元音前。輔音前用a的例子如: a book, a student, a school, a house, a magazine 等;元音前用an的例子如: an egg, an apple, an object, an idea, an ugly thing 等。
易錯(cuò)說明：hour, honest, honor 等單詞的拼寫雖然以輔音字母h開頭，但其讀音卻以元音開頭，因此，前面要用an。反過來，有些單詞雖然以元音字母開頭，但其讀音卻以輔音開頭，那么它們的前面應(yīng)用a而不是an，這些詞常見的有useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way 等。
此外，對于數(shù)字、字母以及由單詞首字母構(gòu)成的縮略詞，其前到底是用a還是an，也需根據(jù)讀音來確定，如下：
He has an 11-year-old
Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more
冠詞在句中的位置
通常位置：一般說來冠詞放在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前(如 a man / the man)，如果名詞有其他定語，不定冠詞應(yīng)放在定語之前(如a good man / the good man)。
特殊位置：在下面情況中，冠詞的位置比較特殊，需要注意。
① 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞被 such, many, half, what 等修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞應(yīng)置于其后，這個(gè)大家看例子就很容易明白，而且平時(shí)基本不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。
He arrived half an hour
He couldn’t afford to pay such a
② 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前作定語的形容詞被 as, so, how, too 修飾時(shí)，通常采用 “as / so / how / too + 形容詞 + a / an + 名詞”這樣的詞序。
He didn’t know how great a mistake he had
It is too difficult a job for me to finish in so short a
③ 當(dāng)定冠詞與 all, both, half 表倍數(shù)的 double, twice, three times 等分?jǐn)?shù)詞等一起修飾名詞時(shí)，定冠詞應(yīng)放在它們之后。
Turn off all the lights before you go to
Everything was almost double the normal
不定冠詞的基本用法
表類別：即指人或事物的類別。
A teacher is a person who
表數(shù)量：即表示數(shù)量“一”。
I’ll be able to finish it in a day or
表同一性：即表示“同一”，說明事物的同一性質(zhì)、特征、大小或程度等。
This hat and that one are of a
表程度：用于most前表示“非?！薄笆帧?。
It’s a most boring
不定冠詞的考點(diǎn)性用法
用于序數(shù)詞前：表示“再一”、“又一”。
She thanked him a second
Shall I ask her a third time?
用于由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的名詞前：表示一次、一番等義(通常與 have, take, make, give 等動(dòng)詞連用)。
We’ve already had a try at
I went down to the beach and took a
用于專有名詞前：相當(dāng)于a certain，意為“一個(gè)”“某個(gè)”。
The house next door has been bought by a Mr
用于抽象名詞前：使之具體化，表示與該之相關(guān)的具體的人或事。
He was a success in
It’s a pleasure to talk with
定冠詞的基本用法
表示特指：特指某(些)人或某(些)物(包括用于上文提到過的人或物之前，以及說話雙方都知道的人或物)。
We have a cat and two The cat is black and the dogs are
表示獨(dú)一無二：用在世界上“獨(dú)一無二”的事物的名詞前。
The earth goes round the
He looked up at the stars in the
用于最高級前：即用于形容詞或副詞的最高級前。
Who picked the most apples?
Of the four of us, I sang the
用于序數(shù)詞或方位詞之前。
He was the first man to think of
Italy is in the south of
用于樂器名詞前：表示相應(yīng)樂器的演奏。
Besides the violin, he plays the piano and the
表示人體部位：用于某些介詞短語中指身體的某個(gè)部位。
He patted me on the
We caught him by the
用于表示一家人：用于在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式之前表示一家人或夫婦二人。
The Smiths live in the apartment above
用于江河湖海等前：用于江河湖海、山脈群島、海灣海峽等地理名詞前。如：
The Yellow River flows into the Yellow
用于某些含有普通名詞的專有名詞前：用于某些國名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)、建筑物、報(bào)紙雜志、會(huì)議條約等含有普通名詞與其他詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞。
We visited the Great Wall
put forward: 提出(計(jì)劃、建議等);將…提前;把鐘表撥快
He put forward a good plan for this 他為這項(xiàng)工程提出了一個(gè)好的方案。
The match has been put forward to 比賽已經(jīng)提前到一點(diǎn)半舉行。
Put the clock forward by ten 把鐘表撥快十分鐘。
【詞語聯(lián)想】
- put away: 收起來;貯存，儲(chǔ)蓄
- put down: 放下;寫下，記下
- put off: 推遲;延期
- put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戲劇) put on weight: 增加了體重 put on a new play: 上演新戲劇
- put up: 張貼;撐開(帳篷) put up a poster put up a tent: 搭起帳篷
conclude: 作結(jié)論，斷定(conclusion: 結(jié)論)
The jury concluded that he was 陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)定他有罪。
【習(xí)慣用語】- draw a conclusion 作出結(jié)論
defeat 打敗, 擊敗, 戰(zhàn)勝; 使(希望, 計(jì)劃等)失敗, 挫敗; 阻撓, 使無效
He finally conceded 他最終承認(rèn)了失敗。
◆ 區(qū)別: defeat, conquer, overcome
- defeat 指“贏得勝利”, 尤其指“軍事上的勝利”, defeat the enemy 打敗敵人。
- conquer指“征服”、”戰(zhàn)勝”,特別指“獲得對人、物或感情的控制”, conquer nature
- overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝”、“壓倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, overcome difficulties
attend:
1) to be present at; go to (meeting, conference, ) 出席;參加
He decided to attend the meeting 他決定親自赴會(huì)。
2) to look after, care for, serve 照顧;看護(hù)。
Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位醫(yī)生護(hù)理你?
3)to go with 伴隨
The work was attended with much 這項(xiàng)工作帶來許多困難。
Don't expose your skin to the sun for too
They had to be exposed to the enemy's
blame for 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人
He blamed the boy for his
- be to blame: 應(yīng)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任
Who is to blame for the mistake?這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)歸咎于誰?
in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相當(dāng)于 besides, what's more
I paid 100 Yuan in
In addition to English, he has to study a second
◆ 區(qū)別: in addition to, except, besides,beside
- in addition to：除…之外，還有…，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid 這家公司為員工們提供帶薪假期，還有免費(fèi)午餐。
- except: 除…之外，表示在整體中排除，
Everyone except me got an 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了請柬.
- besides 表示“除了……以外，還有……”，與in addition to 同義，
Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the 王先生也去了。
We all agreed besides 我們都同意, 他也同意。
- beside : 在…旁邊。表示方位。
Lily sits beside me in 莉莉在班上做我旁邊。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
1)He speaks French as well as
He speaks French in addition to/besides
2) Apart from the salary, it’s not a bad
In addition to/Except the salary, it’s not a bad
announce: 公布;宣告
He announced his 他宣布了他的決定。
absorb
1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs 海綿吸水。
2)專心于
- be absorbed in sth: 專心的，全神貫注的
The little girl was absorbed in reading a 這個(gè)小姑娘正在全神貫注的閱讀一篇故事。
challenge 挑戰(zhàn); 挑戰(zhàn)書; 邀請比賽; 要求決斗
向挑戰(zhàn), 要求, 懷疑 ; 挑戰(zhàn), 對(證據(jù)等)表示異議
meet the serious challenge 面對嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)
一.重點(diǎn)詞匯
偏愛;優(yōu)先eg：Wine or beer?which is your preference?要葡萄酒還是啤酒?你比較喜歡哪一樣?
I have a preference for French 我更喜歡法國電影。
相關(guān)鏈接：prefer噸更喜歡preferable 更好一些(和to連用) preferably 是用法拓展.have a preference for偏愛…… show/gire(a)preference for偏愛……
have a preference of ,寧要某物而不要另一物
in preference to優(yōu)先于……;喜愛甚于……特別提醒;prefer是preference的動(dòng)詞形式，其搭配為：
prefer 喜歡……而不喜歡
prefer to do…rather than do…寧愿干……而不愿干……
v&設(shè)計(jì);打算給……用 eg：
He is designing a house f6r his frl’他正給他的朋友設(shè)計(jì)房子。
The road was not designed for heavy 這公路不是為重型卡車設(shè)計(jì)的。
用法拓展：design…f0 r…為某人設(shè)計(jì)…… .
be dem。gned for/to do…目的是……，打算給……用 一
by design故意地 have designs on/against…對……別有用心特別提醒：design當(dāng)“目的是……;打算給……用”講時(shí)，多用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
屬于;是……成員 eg：She belongs to this 她是這個(gè)學(xué)校的成員。China belongs to the third 中國屬于第三世界。
相關(guān)鍵接;belongings (復(fù))所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)用法拓展：belong to 屬于某人的特別提醒：
(1)belong to后面接名詞的普通格.不接所有格：后接代詞時(shí)用賓格，不用名詞性物主代詞。
(2)beIong to沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
銘刻，給……極深印象;使感動(dòng)eg： What impressed me is the beauty of the scenery 使我印象深刻的是那兒美麗的風(fēng)景。The book tmpressed a lot of 那本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。My father impressed on me the importaflce of 父親要我銘記工作的重要性。
相關(guān)鏈接：impression 印象，感覺impressive 給人留下深刻印象的用法拓展：impress 在……上印……tmpress 用……印…
be impressed by/at/with被深深打動(dòng) be impressed on曲.使某人銘記… make a…impression on…對……留下…印象
不管，不顧;任憑eg：
He came to the meeting despite his serious
他木顧重病還是來出席了會(huì)議。
He is very active despite his 他年紀(jì)雖大.卻很活躍。
用法拓展：despile=in spite of盡管though(althougll)盡管.雖然特別提醒：①despitein spite of但比in spite of更正式。②despite(in spite of) 是介詞.后接名詞(動(dòng)名詞.代詞)而though、although是連詞.連接句子。
③as con).引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句.句子須部分倒裝。④whik conj“盡管”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。
vt嘗……味道 嘗起來.吃起來 n情趣。鑒賞力eg;
can you taste anything strange in this soup?你嘗得出這湯有什么怪味嗎?
The soup tastes 這湯很可口。
The girl has a taste for 這女孩對音樂感興趣。
相關(guān)鏈接：tasty 美味的，可口的 a tasty meaI一頓美餐用法拓展：have a taste for對……喜歡 to one's taste按口味.合口味特別提醒;taste作系動(dòng)詞用后面須接形容詞作表語;無被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
二、重點(diǎn)短語
up with用……裝滿 eg：
Birds fill up the spaces between the branehes of their nests with soft
鳥用柔軟的材料填滿鳥巢之間的空間。
相關(guān)鏈接：fuIl“充滿的用法拓展：fill…with…用……裝滿……一be filled with be fuIl of裝滿……fill in…填入.填空
特別提醒：be filled with用……裝滿.be fuIl of裝滿……，這兩個(gè)短語中特別注意介詞，不要用混。
一aside把……置于一旁.留出，撥出 eg：
Ive set aside some money for this 我為這趟旅行存了一些錢。
Let's set aslde our personal 我們先暫時(shí)拋開個(gè)人情感。
用法拓展：put aside節(jié)省(錢，時(shí)間).儲(chǔ)存……備用
step aslde避開.退讓.站到一邊take aside把……叫到一邊
三、重點(diǎn)交際用語
can't ”我不能忍受……eg：she can't startd the 她無法忍受那種痛苦。
we can't stand being made fun 我們無法忍受被別人嘲弄。
用法拓展：can't stand+n /pron 不能忍受……can't stand+doing不能忍受……特別提醒：stand當(dāng)”承受.忍受”講.通常用于否定句和疑問句，不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
四、重點(diǎn)句型
+0+0C with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) eg：
with the door open he sIept Iast m’昨天晚上他開著門睡覺。
With the boy leadmg the had no difficulty finding his
有孩子帶路.我們沒費(fèi)事就找到了他的家。
用法拓展：with+賓語+形容詞 with+賓語十副詞with+賓語一介詞短語with十賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞 with十賓語+過去分詞 with十賓語+不定式
特別提醒:with后面的賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間若是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用doing或to do;若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系.則用done。
五、詞語辨析
，，invent四個(gè)詞都含有“創(chuàng)造”的意思
(1)create指“有目的地把原材料制成新產(chǎn)品”;也指“創(chuàng)造出原來不存在或與眾不同的事物”。eg：
We've created a new building out of an old 我們從舊廢墟上創(chuàng)建了一幢新樓。
(2)invent指“通過想像，研究，勞動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造出前所未有的東西”，尤指“科技上的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造”。eg：
Edison invented the light 愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈泡。
(3)make是最常用詞，指“用勞動(dòng)創(chuàng)造、生產(chǎn)、形成或組成”某事物。eg：
AIl kinds of machine tools are made in this 這家工廠制造各種機(jī)床。
(4)produce指“通過勞動(dòng)加工而生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品”，尤指“工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品”。eg：
We must produce more food for ourselves and import 我們必須增產(chǎn)食品，減少進(jìn)口。
Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?
一、詞組
be from= come form 來自
pen pal=pen friend 筆友 l
ike and dislike 好惡;愛憎。
live in +地點(diǎn) 在居住
speak +語言 講某種語言
play sports 做體育運(yùn)動(dòng)
a little French 一些法語
go to the movies 去看電影
write to sb 給某人寫信
an action movie 一部動(dòng)作片
on weekends 在周末
tell sb about sth 告訴某人某事
Excuse me 對不起，打擾
get to 到達(dá)、抵達(dá)。
二、句型
1、Where+be+主語+from?
主語+be+from+地點(diǎn).
2、Where do/does+主語+live?
主語+live/lives in…
3、What language do/does +主語+speak?
主語+speak/speaks….
4、主語+like/likes+doing/to do…
What is your favorite subject/sport?
My favorite subject/sport is…
that your new pen pal?
-Yes, it
1、can+動(dòng)詞原形，它不隨主語和數(shù)而變化。
(1)含有can的肯定句：主語+can+謂語動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(2)變一般疑問句時(shí)，把can提前：Can+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
肯定回答：Yes，主語+can。否定回答：No，主語+can'
(3)含有can的否定句：主語+can't+動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(4)含有can的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+can+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
2、may+動(dòng)詞的原形。(may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)一般疑問句是把may提前，
肯定回答是：Yes，主語 +may。否定回答是：No，主語+mustn't?；騪lease don't。
join+某個(gè)組織，俱樂部，party，參軍，黨派等 “加入”
Join “參加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做，參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)” Join in=take part in +活動(dòng)，比賽
3、說某種語言：speak+語言 4、play+球、棋、牌;play+the+樂器。
5、擅長于(做)什么：be good at +名詞/動(dòng)ing
6、幫助某人做某事：help (to ) do help with
7、我能知道你名字嗎?May I know your name?
8、想要做什么：want to do sth 例如：I want to learn about
9、What club do you want to join?
I want to join the chess club and the basketball
10、What club does Tom want to join? He wants to join the swimming club .
11、He can’t play the violin or the Can you help kids with swimming?
12、Why do you want to join the English club? Because I want to learn English
【微語】不怕路長，只怕志短；不怕緩慢，只怕停滯不前。
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