托福閱讀考試詞匯考察特點(diǎn)

托福閱讀考試詞匯考察特點(diǎn)

托福閱讀涉及的知識(shí)面比較廣泛，所以對(duì)學(xué)生的詞匯要求就比較高，有些考生在面對(duì)托福閱讀時(shí)總是有些畏懼，因?yàn)樵~匯積累不夠。我提示各位考生，一定要了解托福閱讀考試中詞匯考查的特點(diǎn)，清楚之后備考起來(lái)會(huì)更方心。下面是我要和大家分享的托福閱讀考試中詞匯考查深度分析，小伙伴們可以參考一下!

　特點(diǎn)一：托福閱讀高分至少六級(jí)詞匯量

第一是因?yàn)橥懈ｉ喿x中有一種題目叫做詞匯題，詞匯題是這樣的一種題：你認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞就肯定能做對(duì)，而且能很快地做對(duì)。你不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞就是經(jīng)過(guò)層層推斷，耗費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間還很容易得到錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)果，所以說(shuō)解決詞匯題的王道就是認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞。那么詞匯題在托福閱讀中究竟有多重要呢?是占了25%以上的比例的。OG上說(shuō)，每篇閱讀題有3-6個(gè)單詞題(每篇托福閱讀總共只有13個(gè)題呀)，可見(jiàn)詞匯題的重要性--只要把詞匯題解決了，就能輕松拿下托福閱讀中的一大塊分?jǐn)?shù)，還為做其它題節(jié)省了寶貴的時(shí)間。托福閱讀的詞匯題中考到的詞匯是什么難度呢?大概是6級(jí)的詞匯，也有稍難一些的。所以為了保險(xiǎn)起見(jiàn)，單詞的水平要達(dá)到6級(jí)以上，這樣就可以把閱讀中單詞題的分?jǐn)?shù)拿滿(mǎn)。

第二是閱讀速度的問(wèn)題。對(duì)于中國(guó)考生，托福閱讀的一大障礙在于時(shí)間不夠用，讀文章的速度太慢了。不是說(shuō)認(rèn)識(shí)單詞就能快速讀懂文章，而是說(shuō)單詞量太小閱讀速度必然大打折扣!

　特點(diǎn)二：托福閱讀專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯要求高

第一是托福閱讀考察的詞匯是偏于專(zhuān)業(yè)性質(zhì)的，原因是這樣：托福考試是為了看考生的英語(yǔ)水平能否保證其在大學(xué)中順利學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)，因此考察的內(nèi)容是偏重學(xué)術(shù)的方面的，而閱讀文章也多從大學(xué)課本的簡(jiǎn)易內(nèi)容中選取。所以在背單詞的時(shí)候?qū)τ趯W(xué)術(shù)詞匯給予一定程度的重視是合理的。

第二是托福閱讀考察的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯難度有限。這點(diǎn)也是很自然的，因?yàn)橥懈．吘故且婚T(mén)英語(yǔ)水平考試，又不是專(zhuān)業(yè)考試。難度較大的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯在閱讀中確實(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)，但根本不是考察的內(nèi)容，而且其意思可以很容易地猜出來(lái)。

舉個(gè)例子：It should be obvious that cetaceans--whales, porpoises, and dolphins--are mammals，這是OG閱讀題中的一個(gè)原句。這句話(huà)中的cetacean就是一個(gè)過(guò)分專(zhuān)業(yè)而無(wú)需背的單詞，你只要認(rèn)識(shí)了whales，dolphins，mammals就知道了cetacean是生活在水里(海里的)動(dòng)物，而且是哺乳動(dòng)物，這就相當(dāng)于知道了cetacean的意思了。需要記憶的是mammal，whale，dolphin這種比較常用的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯，而不是cetacean這種生僻的類(lèi)型，把精力放在背這種艱澀的單詞上是很不值得的。

托福閱讀考試中，詞匯題有什么好的答題技巧嗎？

詞匯題在托福閱讀考試中很重要，占了25%以上的比例。在托福閱讀的備考過(guò)程中，深入理解才是正確答題的關(guān)鍵所在。那么，想要提升托福閱讀高分的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)又在哪里呢？下面來(lái)看下托福閱讀考試中詞匯題答題思路：
一、詞匯類(lèi)題目的問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)形式
新托福詞匯類(lèi)題目的出題形式通常為：
ThewordXinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
用來(lái)考察考生某單詞在文章上下文中意思的問(wèn)題類(lèi)型最為常見(jiàn)。
二、答題步驟
第一步：在文章中定位到陰影標(biāo)識(shí)的單詞或短語(yǔ)。認(rèn)識(shí)單詞直接選。
第二步：如為生詞讀原文，仔細(xì)閱讀該詞或短語(yǔ)所在句子。
第三步：根據(jù)上下文含義推測(cè)含義。
第四步：少量單詞可由詞根驗(yàn)證答案。選擇答案時(shí)，不要僅僅因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)選項(xiàng)符合該單詞的某一個(gè)正確意思就將其作為正確選項(xiàng)，題目考察的是作者在文章上下文中使用了哪一個(gè)詞義。
三、解題線(xiàn)索
1.論點(diǎn)對(duì)論據(jù)TS+D
Commensalassociationssometimesinvolveonespecies'obtainingfoodthatisinadvertentlyexposedbyanother.Forinstance,severalkindsofbirdsfeedoninsectsflushedoutofthegrassbygrazingcattle.
Thewordinadvertentlyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.indefensibly
B.substantially
C.unintentionally
D.partially
拿到這個(gè)題目先看一下這個(gè)單詞是否認(rèn)識(shí)，如果認(rèn)識(shí)就直接選出來(lái)，如果不認(rèn)識(shí)就回到原文，原文說(shuō)共生協(xié)會(huì)有時(shí)候認(rèn)為一種物種獲得食物的方法是被另一種物種inadvertently暴露的。這時(shí)候后面的句子是對(duì)這個(gè)句子的一個(gè)論據(jù)，句子說(shuō)，舉個(gè)例子，一些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)吃的昆蟲(chóng)是放牧的牛群從草當(dāng)中驅(qū)趕出來(lái)的。再觀(guān)察四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：A.不能防御地;B.大幅;C.無(wú)意中地;D.部分地。很顯然，這個(gè)原文中與選項(xiàng)中最接近的答案就是無(wú)意中。最好將選好的答案再帶到原文翻譯一下：“一種物種獲得食物的方法是被另一種物種無(wú)意中暴露的。一些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)吃的昆蟲(chóng)是放牧的牛群從草當(dāng)中驅(qū)趕出來(lái)的?！边@類(lèi)題目在做題的過(guò)程中要注意一些標(biāo)志詞：Forexample,Forinstance,Take…forexample,Evidencescomefrom,Like…,As…
2.前后搭配
Membersofpoorpeasantfamiliesspunorwoveclothandlinensathomeforscantremuneration,inanattempttosupplementmeagerfamilyincome.
Thewordmeagerinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.verynecessary
B.verylow
C.traditional
D.primary
這道題目如果認(rèn)識(shí)單詞就直接選，如果不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞，就看原文。原文說(shuō)貧困的農(nóng)民家庭的成員在家里織布，后一句說(shuō)是為了支持他們meager的家庭收入，根據(jù)前后搭配，顯然是微薄的家庭收入，所以就選B。
3.并列信息
…Absenteeismandlatenesshurtproductivityandsinceworkwasspecialized,disruptedtheregularfactoryroutine.Industrializationnotonlyproducedafundamentalchangeinthewayworkwasorganized;ittransformedtheverynatureofwork.
Theworddisruptedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.prolonged
B.established
C.followed
D.upset
disrupt在文章句子中出現(xiàn)and連接的并列信息hurt,根據(jù)這一并列信息，我們可以得出disrupt在此句中的意思為與hurt并列的信息，所以此題選D。在這類(lèi)題目中要注意這些連接詞and、or、aswellas、notonly…butalso、some…others…。
4.因果邏輯
In1815hepublishedthefirstmoderngeologicalmap“AMapoftheStrataofEnglandandWaleswithaPartofScotland”,mapsometiculouslyresearchedthatitcanstillbeusedtoday.
Thewordmeticulouslyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.carefully
B.quickly
C.frequently
D.obviously
這道題目中meticulously可能有很多同學(xué)不認(rèn)識(shí)，但是根據(jù)因果邏輯，原文說(shuō)這個(gè)地圖是如此怎樣地被研究，以至于直到今天還在使用，選項(xiàng)中最為接近的意思應(yīng)該是仔細(xì)的研究，只有仔細(xì)的研究才導(dǎo)致這個(gè)地圖直到今天仍然被沿用。在做這類(lèi)題目時(shí)要關(guān)注原文中表示邏輯關(guān)系的引導(dǎo)詞，比如Dueto/Givenby/Since/derivefrom/stemfromTherefore/So/Hence/…follows/Enough…to…/too…to…/So…that…
5.反向邏輯
TheJovianplanetshaveverythickatmospheresconsistingofvaryingamountsofhydrogen,helium,methane,andammonia.Bycomparison,theterrestrialplanetshavemeageratmospheresatbest.
Thewordmeagerinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.rich
B.thin
C.unique
D.complex
這道題原文說(shuō)類(lèi)木行星有很厚的大氣層，然而類(lèi)地行星有meager的大氣層，根據(jù)反向邏輯，類(lèi)地行星的大氣層肯定是與厚相反的，所以應(yīng)該是很薄的大氣層，所以這道題目選B。在反向邏輯中要注意以下的標(biāo)志詞：
表示讓步：Even/Although/Despite
表示轉(zhuǎn)折：But/Yet/However
表示對(duì)比：Whereas/While/Incontrast/Ontheotherhand
6.詞根詞綴
Theundisputedpre-ColumbianpresenceinOceaniaofthesweetpotato,whichisaNewWorlddomesticate,hassometimesbeenusedtosupportHeyerdahl’s“AmericanIndiansinthePacific”theories.
Thewordundisputedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto
A.mysterious
B.unexpected
C.acknowledged
D.significant
這個(gè)題目中undisputed,un是一個(gè)表示否定的前綴，dispute大多數(shù)同學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)，這個(gè)單詞是指爭(zhēng)辯，那么根據(jù)前綴un就知道undisputed指不能爭(zhēng)辯，或者無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯，所以選項(xiàng)里面應(yīng)該選C,大家都承認(rèn)的，都接受的。

托福詞匯：2013年托福考試詞匯題精選1

為大家整理了2013年托福詞匯題,僅供參考!
1. Local crafts people-sign, coach, and house painters-began to paint portraits as a profitable sideline; sometimes a talented man or woman who began by sketching family members gained a local reputation and was besieged with requests for portraits; artists found it worth their while to pack their paints, canvases, and brushes and to travel the countryside, often combining house decorating with portrait painting.
The word "sketching" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) drawing
(B) hiring
(C) helping
(D) discussing
2. Both the number and the percentage of people in the United States involved in nonagricultural pursuits expanded rapidly during the half century following the Civil War, with some of the most dramatic increases occurring in the domains of transportation, manufacturing, and trade and distribution.
The word "domains" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) fields
(B) locations
(C) organizations
(D) occupations
3. The development of the railroad and telegraph systems during the middle third of the nineteenth century led to significant improvements in the speed, volume, and regularity of shipments and communications, making possible a fundamental transformation in the production and distribution of goods.
The word "fundamental" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) possible
(B) basic
(C) gradual
(D) unique
4. To be sure, there were still small workshops, where skilled craftspeople manufactured products ranging from newspapers to cabinets to plumbing fixtures.
The word "skilled" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) hardworking
(B) expert
(C) well-paid
(D) industrial
5. And there were factories in occupations such as metalwork where individual contractors presided over what were essentially handicraft proprietorships that coexisted within a single building.
The words "presided over" in line 20 are closest in meaning to
(A) managed
(B) led to
(C) worked in
(D) produced
6. Objects in the universe show a variety of shapes: round planets (some with rings) , tailed comets, wispy cosmic gas and dust clouds, ringed nebulae, pinwheel-shaped spiral galaxies, and so on. But none of the shapes on this list describes the largest single entities in the universe.
The word "entities" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) factors
(B) processes
(C) objects
(D) puzzles
7. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds.
The word "motifs" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) tools
(B) prints
(C) signatures
(D) designs
8. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today’s use of the word.
The word "distinct" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) separate
(B) assembled
(C) notable
(D) inferior
9. On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770’s when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pill.
The word "rare" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) festive
(B) infrequent
(C) delightful
(D) unexpected
10. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involve the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant’s gazelles.
The word "maintaining" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) measuring
(B) inheriting
(C) preserving
(D) delaying

托福閱讀的詞匯題都有哪些單詞？需要掌握多少呢？

經(jīng)對(duì)歷年真題、TPO 的統(tǒng)計(jì)，詞匯量大概在 5100 左右。
托福閱讀要拿不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)，要使得自己能力滿(mǎn)足托福考試能力要求?？荚嚳疾閷W(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)文章的理解能力，除了要提高詞匯理解能力，還要句子理解能力、邏輯和語(yǔ)義邏輯關(guān)系梳理能力以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)把握能力。單純問(wèn)托福閱讀詞匯題都有哪些單詞是沒(méi)有意義的。
經(jīng)對(duì)歷年真題、TPO 的統(tǒng)計(jì)，詞匯量大概在 5100 左右。并以學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)詞匯為主。
托福閱讀要拿不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)，要使得自己能力滿(mǎn)足托?？荚嚹芰σ??？荚嚳疾閷W(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)文章的理解能力，除了要提高詞匯理解能力，還要句子理解能力、邏輯和語(yǔ)義邏輯關(guān)系梳理能力以及文章結(jié)構(gòu)把握能力。
光提高詞匯量還不夠哦~

雅思考試 托?？荚?/a> 留學(xué)攻略 留學(xué)院校庫(kù)